A 16 GHz Bandwidth Cryogenic IF Amplifier with 4-K Noise Temperature for Sub-mm Radio-Astronomy Receivers

Isaac Lopez-Fernandez; Juan D. Gallego; Carmen Diez; Inmaculada Malo-Gomez; Ricardo I. Amils; Ralf Fluckiger; Diego Marti; Ronald Hesper

doi:10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3370893

A 16 GHz Bandwidth Cryogenic IF Amplifier with 4-K Noise Temperature for Sub-mm Radio-Astronomy Receivers

Isaac Lopez-Fernandez^*, Juan D. Gallego, Carmen Diez, Inmaculada Malo-Gomez, Ricardo I. Amils, Ralf Fluckiger, Diego Marti, Ronald Hesper

^*Corresponding author for this work

Astronomy

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Abstract

The major mm and sub-mm radio-astronomy observatories are prioritizing instantaneous bandwidth widening for their current or planned upgrades this decade. We present an ultra-wide-band and ultra-low-noise cryogenic hybrid amplifier with 4 K (NF  =  0.06 dB) average noise temperature in the 2-18 GHz band when cooled to 6 K. It is based on a 100 nm gate pseudomorphic InP HEMT with outstanding characteristics. This demonstration amplifier meets the noise and IF bandwidth demands of ALMA next generation receivers, doubling the present maximum IF instantaneous bandwidth with state-of-the-art noise performance, with a gain flatness of ±0.8 dB, and output return loss better than 15 dB over 85% of the band. It can be used in the 1-19 GHz range with negligible degradation, and a tentative test has been performed with a 602-720 GHz ALMA band-9 DSB SIS mixer, showing a flat-average and low-ripple IF noise level in an 18-GHz wide band down to near DC. A balanced configuration is feasible to improve the input matching.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1-10
Number of pages	10
Journal	Ieee transactions on terahertz science and technology
Volume	14
Issue number	3
Early online date	27-Feb-2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3370893
Publication status	Published - May-2024

Keywords

Bandwidth
Broadband amplifiers
Cryogenics
cryogenics
indium-phosphide pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (InP pHEMTs)
Logic gates
low-noise amplifiers (LNAs)
Mixers
noise measurement
radio astronomy
Resonant frequency
Standards
submillimeter wave
superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) devices
Transistors
ultra-wideband technology

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10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3370893Licence: CC BY

A 16-GHz Bandwidth Cryogenic IF Amplifier With 4-K Noise Temperature for Sub-mm Radio-Astronomy ReceiversFinal publisher's version, 2.26 MBLicence: CC BY

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title = "A 16 GHz Bandwidth Cryogenic IF Amplifier with 4-K Noise Temperature for Sub-mm Radio-Astronomy Receivers",

abstract = "The major mm and sub-mm radio-astronomy observatories are prioritizing instantaneous bandwidth widening for their current or planned upgrades this decade. We present an ultra-wide-band and ultra-low-noise cryogenic hybrid amplifier with 4 K (NF = 0.06 dB) average noise temperature in the 2-18 GHz band when cooled to 6 K. It is based on a 100 nm gate pseudomorphic InP HEMT with outstanding characteristics. This demonstration amplifier meets the noise and IF bandwidth demands of ALMA next generation receivers, doubling the present maximum IF instantaneous bandwidth with state-of-the-art noise performance, with a gain flatness of ±0.8 dB, and output return loss better than 15 dB over 85% of the band. It can be used in the 1-19 GHz range with negligible degradation, and a tentative test has been performed with a 602-720 GHz ALMA band-9 DSB SIS mixer, showing a flat-average and low-ripple IF noise level in an 18-GHz wide band down to near DC. A balanced configuration is feasible to improve the input matching.",

keywords = "Bandwidth, Broadband amplifiers, Cryogenics, cryogenics, indium-phosphide pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (InP pHEMTs), Logic gates, low-noise amplifiers (LNAs), Mixers, noise measurement, radio astronomy, Resonant frequency, Standards, submillimeter wave, superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) devices, Transistors, ultra-wideband technology",

author = "Isaac Lopez-Fernandez and Gallego, {Juan D.} and Carmen Diez and Inmaculada Malo-Gomez and Amils, {Ricardo I.} and Ralf Fluckiger and Diego Marti and Ronald Hesper",

note = "Publisher Copyright: Authors",

year = "2024",

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doi = "10.1109/TTHZ.2024.3370893",

language = "English",

volume = "14",

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AU - Lopez-Fernandez, Isaac

AU - Gallego, Juan D.

AU - Diez, Carmen

AU - Malo-Gomez, Inmaculada

AU - Amils, Ricardo I.

AU - Fluckiger, Ralf

AU - Marti, Diego

AU - Hesper, Ronald

N1 - Publisher Copyright: Authors

PY - 2024/5

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N2 - The major mm and sub-mm radio-astronomy observatories are prioritizing instantaneous bandwidth widening for their current or planned upgrades this decade. We present an ultra-wide-band and ultra-low-noise cryogenic hybrid amplifier with 4 K (NF = 0.06 dB) average noise temperature in the 2-18 GHz band when cooled to 6 K. It is based on a 100 nm gate pseudomorphic InP HEMT with outstanding characteristics. This demonstration amplifier meets the noise and IF bandwidth demands of ALMA next generation receivers, doubling the present maximum IF instantaneous bandwidth with state-of-the-art noise performance, with a gain flatness of ±0.8 dB, and output return loss better than 15 dB over 85% of the band. It can be used in the 1-19 GHz range with negligible degradation, and a tentative test has been performed with a 602-720 GHz ALMA band-9 DSB SIS mixer, showing a flat-average and low-ripple IF noise level in an 18-GHz wide band down to near DC. A balanced configuration is feasible to improve the input matching.

AB - The major mm and sub-mm radio-astronomy observatories are prioritizing instantaneous bandwidth widening for their current or planned upgrades this decade. We present an ultra-wide-band and ultra-low-noise cryogenic hybrid amplifier with 4 K (NF = 0.06 dB) average noise temperature in the 2-18 GHz band when cooled to 6 K. It is based on a 100 nm gate pseudomorphic InP HEMT with outstanding characteristics. This demonstration amplifier meets the noise and IF bandwidth demands of ALMA next generation receivers, doubling the present maximum IF instantaneous bandwidth with state-of-the-art noise performance, with a gain flatness of ±0.8 dB, and output return loss better than 15 dB over 85% of the band. It can be used in the 1-19 GHz range with negligible degradation, and a tentative test has been performed with a 602-720 GHz ALMA band-9 DSB SIS mixer, showing a flat-average and low-ripple IF noise level in an 18-GHz wide band down to near DC. A balanced configuration is feasible to improve the input matching.

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KW - radio astronomy

KW - Resonant frequency

KW - Standards

KW - submillimeter wave

KW - superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) devices

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JO - Ieee transactions on terahertz science and technology

JF - Ieee transactions on terahertz science and technology

IS - 3

ER -

A 16 GHz Bandwidth Cryogenic IF Amplifier with 4-K Noise Temperature for Sub-mm Radio-Astronomy Receivers

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