An evolutionary perspective on (chronic) disease: Lifestyle,nutritional imbalances and low-grade inflammation

  • Begona Ruiz Nunez

    Research output: ThesisThesis fully internal (DIV)

    5504 Downloads (Pure)

    Abstract

    We investigated dietary intakes of patients awaiting heart surgery. Their intakes of fruits, vegetables, fiber, vitamin D and fish oil-fatty acids (EPA+DHA) proved below recommendations, but comparable with the healthy Dutch population. Their unbalanced diets may increase the risk of unfavorable surgical outcomes. Intervention studies aiming at rapid preoperative improvement of their diets are urgently needed.
    We subjected healthy volunteers to pseudo-Stone-Age-lifestyle conditions during 4 and 10 days. Body weight, body fat, (metabolic)inflammation and lipoprotein-cholesterol were measured. Most parameters improved. Consequently, mimicking our Paleolithic lifestyle may positively affect risk factors of metabolic-inflammatory disorders, e.g. obesity and diabetes mellitus.
    We studied relations between fatty acid-status and lipoproteins in five Tanzanian groups and one Dutch group. A high saturated fatty acid (SFA)-status, but not a high SFA-intake, proved to be associated with increased total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol (a risk factor). Interaction with other lifestyle factors, not SFA-intake per se, determines whether SFA have a relevant influence on chronic inflammation, lipoproteins and cardiovascular disease risk.
    We investigated astaxanthin (an antioxidant) supplementation in healthy subjects and patients with sickle cell disease in Sint Maarten. Astaxanthin was incorporated in red blood cell membranes. This may favorably affect the hemolytic component of sickle cell disease.
    In a case-control study with chronic fatigue syndrome patients, we found (among others) normal TSH-levels, but low ‘free thyroid hormone’, consistent with the ‘low T3 syndrome’; a form of hibernation.
    Summarizing: for healthy aging we have to return to the lifestyle of our Paleolithic ancestors while maintaining the culture of the 21st century.
    Original languageEnglish
    QualificationDoctor of Philosophy
    Awarding Institution
    • University of Groningen
    Supervisors/Advisors
    • Muskiet, Frits, Supervisor
    • Kema, Ido, Supervisor
    • Dijck-Brouwer, Janneke, Co-supervisor
    • Navis, Gerjan, Assessment committee
    • Seidell, J., Assessment committee, External person
    • Voors, Adriaan, Assessment committee
    Award date25-Apr-2018
    Place of Publication[Groningen]
    Publisher
    Print ISBNs978-94-034-0471-4
    Electronic ISBNs978-94-034-0470-7
    Publication statusPublished - 2018

    Fingerprint

    Dive into the research topics of 'An evolutionary perspective on (chronic) disease: Lifestyle,nutritional imbalances and low-grade inflammation'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

    Cite this