TY - JOUR
T1 - Blood-based biomarkers of inflammation in mild traumatic brain injury
T2 - A systematic review
AU - Visser, Koen
AU - Koggel, Milou
AU - Blaauw, Jurre
AU - van der Horn, Harm Jan
AU - Jacobs, Bram
AU - van der Naalt, Joukje
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank Karin Sijtsma, medical information specialist, University of Groningen, for her assistance in preparing the search strategy for this systematic review. We would also like to thank Isabel Dieleman, medical student, University of Groningen, for preparing Fig. 1 of this review.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s)
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - Inflammation is an important secondary physiological response to traumatic brain injury (TBI). Most of the current knowledge on this response is derived from research in moderate and severe TBI. In this systematic review we summarize the literature on clinical studies measuring blood based inflammatory markers following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and identify the value of inflammatory markers as biomarkers. Twenty-three studies were included. This review suggests a distinct systemic inflammatory response following mTBI, quantifiable within 6 hours up to 12 months post-injury. Interleukin-6 is the most promising biomarker for the clinical diagnosis of brain injury while interleukin-10 is a potential candidate for triaging CT scans. The diagnostic and prognostic utility of inflammatory markers may be more fully appreciated as a component of a panel of biomarkers. However, discrepancies in study design, analysis and reporting make it difficult to draw any definite conclusions. For the same reasons, a meta-analysis was not possible. We provide recommendations to follow standardized methodologies to allow for reproducibility of results in future studies.
AB - Inflammation is an important secondary physiological response to traumatic brain injury (TBI). Most of the current knowledge on this response is derived from research in moderate and severe TBI. In this systematic review we summarize the literature on clinical studies measuring blood based inflammatory markers following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and identify the value of inflammatory markers as biomarkers. Twenty-three studies were included. This review suggests a distinct systemic inflammatory response following mTBI, quantifiable within 6 hours up to 12 months post-injury. Interleukin-6 is the most promising biomarker for the clinical diagnosis of brain injury while interleukin-10 is a potential candidate for triaging CT scans. The diagnostic and prognostic utility of inflammatory markers may be more fully appreciated as a component of a panel of biomarkers. However, discrepancies in study design, analysis and reporting make it difficult to draw any definite conclusions. For the same reasons, a meta-analysis was not possible. We provide recommendations to follow standardized methodologies to allow for reproducibility of results in future studies.
U2 - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.036
DO - 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.036
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34826510
SN - 0149-7634
VL - 132
SP - 154
EP - 168
JO - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
JF - Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
ER -