TY - JOUR
T1 - Depressive Disorder and Incident Diabetes Mellitus
T2 - The Effect of Characteristics of Depression
AU - Campayo, Antonio
AU - de Jonge, Peter
AU - Roy, Juan F.
AU - Saz, Pedro
AU - de la Camara, Concepcion
AU - Quintanilla, Miguel A.
AU - Marcos, Guillermo
AU - Santabarbara, Javier
AU - Lobo, Antonio
PY - 2010/5
Y1 - 2010/5
N2 - Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that clinically significant depression detected in a population sample increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. The authors examined the effect of characteristics of depression frequently found in the community on the risk of incident diabetes mellitus.Method: A large community sample of adults aged >= 55 years (N=4,803) was assessed at baseline in a longitudinal three-wave epidemiological enquiry using a psychiatric interview and the Geriatric Mental State Schedule. Cases of depression were diagnosed according to standardized criteria, and diabetes was assessed using a risk factors questionnaire. Follow- up evaluations, conducted 2.5 and 5 years later, were completed to determine the incidence of diabetes.Results: At baseline, 379 case subjects with depression were identified. The risk of incident diabetes mellitus was higher among subjects with depression when compared with nondepressed subjects, and the association remained significant after controlling for potential confounders, including diabetes risk factors. The estimated rate of diabetes mellitus attributable to depression was 6.87%. An increased risk of diabetes mellitus was also associated with the following characteristics of depression: nonsevere depression, persistent depression, and untreated depression. Treatment with antidepressants was not associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus.Conclusions: Clinically significant depression is associated with a 65% increased risk of diabetes mellitus. Characteristics of depression frequently found in the community, namely nonsevere depression, persistent depression, and untreated depression, may play a role in the development of diabetes in a predominantly elderly adult population.
AB - Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that clinically significant depression detected in a population sample increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. The authors examined the effect of characteristics of depression frequently found in the community on the risk of incident diabetes mellitus.Method: A large community sample of adults aged >= 55 years (N=4,803) was assessed at baseline in a longitudinal three-wave epidemiological enquiry using a psychiatric interview and the Geriatric Mental State Schedule. Cases of depression were diagnosed according to standardized criteria, and diabetes was assessed using a risk factors questionnaire. Follow- up evaluations, conducted 2.5 and 5 years later, were completed to determine the incidence of diabetes.Results: At baseline, 379 case subjects with depression were identified. The risk of incident diabetes mellitus was higher among subjects with depression when compared with nondepressed subjects, and the association remained significant after controlling for potential confounders, including diabetes risk factors. The estimated rate of diabetes mellitus attributable to depression was 6.87%. An increased risk of diabetes mellitus was also associated with the following characteristics of depression: nonsevere depression, persistent depression, and untreated depression. Treatment with antidepressants was not associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus.Conclusions: Clinically significant depression is associated with a 65% increased risk of diabetes mellitus. Characteristics of depression frequently found in the community, namely nonsevere depression, persistent depression, and untreated depression, may play a role in the development of diabetes in a predominantly elderly adult population.
KW - ELDERLY COMMUNITY
KW - GLOBAL BURDEN
KW - RISK-FACTOR
KW - POPULATION
KW - PREVALENCE
KW - METAANALYSIS
KW - ASSOCIATION
KW - MORTALITY
KW - SYMPTOMS
KW - DEMENTIA
U2 - 10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09010038
DO - 10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09010038
M3 - Article
VL - 167
SP - 580
EP - 588
JO - American Journal of Psychiatry
JF - American Journal of Psychiatry
SN - 0002-953X
IS - 5
ER -