Does Depression and Anxiety Mediate the Relation between Limited Health Literacy and Diet Non-Adherence?

Ivana Skoumalova*, Andrea Madarasova Geckova, Jaroslav Rosenberger, Maria Majernikova, Peter Kolarcik, Daniel Klein, Andrea F de Winter, Jitse P van Dijk, Sijmen A Reijneveld

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

10 Citations (Scopus)
121 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Limited health literacy (HL), depression and anxiety are common in dialyzed patients and affect health outcomes and self-management. We explored whether depression and anxiety mediate the association of HL with diet non-adherence (DN-A) in dialyzed patients. We performed a cross-sectional study in 20 dialysis clinics in Slovakia (n = 452; mean age: 63.6 years; males: 60.7%). Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to create three HL groups. Logistic regression adjusted for age, gender and education was used to explore whether depression and anxiety mediate the association of HL with DN-A. Patients in the moderate HL group were more likely to be non-adherent to diet (OR (Odds Ratio)/95% CI: 2.19/1.21-3.99) than patients in the high HL group. Patients in the low HL and moderate HL group more likely reported depression or anxiety. Patients reporting depression (OR/95% CI: 1.94/1.26-2.98) or anxiety (OR/95% CI: 1.81/1.22-2.69) were more likely to be non-adherent with diet. Adjustment for depression reduced the association between moderate HL and DN-A by 19.5%. Adjustment for anxiety reduced the association between moderate HL and DN-A by 11.8%. Anxiety and depression partly mediated the association of HL with DN-A. More attention should be paid to treating patients' psychological distress to ensure adequate adherence with recommended diet.

Original languageEnglish
Article number7913
Pages (from-to)1-10
Number of pages10
JournalInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Volume17
Issue number21
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Nov-2020

Keywords

  • health literacy
  • dialyzed patients
  • depression
  • anxiety
  • diet non-adherence
  • stage 5 CKD
  • STAGE RENAL-DISEASE
  • HOSPITAL ANXIETY
  • HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS
  • RECEIVING DIALYSIS
  • PREVALENCE
  • MORTALITY
  • SYMPTOMS
  • ASSOCIATIONS
  • SCALE
  • METAANALYSIS

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