Effect of duration of force application on blood vessels in young and adult rats

Yijin Ren*, Jaap C. Maltha, Ietse Stokroos, Robert S. B. Liem, Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

    12 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    INTRODUCTION: Age effects on orthodontically induced periodontal vascular reactions have not been studied. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that prolonged tooth movement induces age-related increases in periodontal vascularity.

    METHODS: A standardized orthodontic appliance was placed in 2 groups of 30 rats aged 6 weeks and 9 to 12 months. At 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, animals were killed. Blood vessels (BV) were identified based on their morphology and by immunohistochemical staining for alpha-smooth muscle actin. At each study region, surface areas (SA) of the periodontal ligament space and each BV were measured; BV mean SA, BV relative SA (the summed BV SA as a percentage of the periodontal ligament SA), and BV numbers were calculated.

    RESULTS: Pressure and tension regions showed similar vascular changes. Young rats had lower BV relative SA and BV mean SA in the early phase of force application (< 4 weeks); this increased in the late phase, reaching the same level as adult rats. In the late phase (4-12 weeks), young rats had increases of both small- and large-sized BV that did not affect the BV mean SA; adult rats had an increase of small-sized BV only; this resulted in decreased BV mean SA.

    CONCLUSIONS: The hypothesis was confirmed that prolonged tooth movement increases periodontal vascularity, which is age related. These results suggest that clinicians should consider age-related difference in tissue reactions during orthodontic tooth movement.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)752-757
    Number of pages6
    JournalAmerican Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
    Volume133
    Issue number5
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - May-2008

    Keywords

    • EXPERIMENTAL TOOTH MOVEMENT
    • PERIODONTAL-LIGAMENT
    • VASCULAR CHANGES
    • PRESSURE
    • INCIDENT
    • TISSUES
    • TEETH
    • BONE

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