TY - JOUR
T1 - Fractal motor activity during wakefulness and sleep
T2 - A window into depression recency and symptom recurrence
AU - Minaeva, O.
AU - Riese, H.
AU - Booij, S. H.
AU - Lamers, F.
AU - Giltay, E. J.
AU - Scheer, F. A.J.L.
AU - Hu, K.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Background: Motor activity fluctuations in healthy adults exhibit fractal patterns characterized by consistent temporal correlations across wide-ranging time scales. However, these patterns are disrupted by aging and psychiatric conditions. This study aims to investigate how fractal patterns vary across the sleep-wake cycle, differ based on individuals' recency of depression diagnosis, and change before and after a depressive episode.Methods: Using actigraphy from two cohorts (n = 378), we examined fractal motor activity patterns both between individuals without depression and with varying recencies of depression and within individuals before and after depressive symptom recurrence. To evaluate fractal patterns, we quantified temporal correlations in motor activity fluctuations across different time scales using a scaling exponent, α. Linear mixed models were utilized to assess the influence of the sleep-wake cycle, (recency of) depression, and their interaction on α.Results: Fractal activity patterns in all individuals varied across the sleep-wake cycle, showing stronger temporal correlations during wakefulness (larger α = 1.035 ± 0.003) and more random activity fluctuations during sleep (smaller α = 0.784 ± 0.004, p < 0.001). This sleep-wake difference was reduced in recently depressed individuals (1-6 months), leading to larger α during sleep (0.836 ± 0.017), compared to currently depressed (0.781 ± 0.018, p = 0.006), remitted (0.776 ± 0.014, p < 0.001), and never-depressed individuals (0.773 ± 0.016, p < 0.001). Moreover, remitted individuals who experienced depressive symptom recurrence during antidepressant tapering exhibited a larger α during sleep after the symptom onset as compared to before (after: α = 0.703 ± 0.022; before: α = 0.680 ± 0.022; p < 0.001).Conclusions: These findings suggest a link between fractal motor activity patterns during sleep and depressive symptom recurrence in remitted individuals and those with recent depression.
AB - Background: Motor activity fluctuations in healthy adults exhibit fractal patterns characterized by consistent temporal correlations across wide-ranging time scales. However, these patterns are disrupted by aging and psychiatric conditions. This study aims to investigate how fractal patterns vary across the sleep-wake cycle, differ based on individuals' recency of depression diagnosis, and change before and after a depressive episode.Methods: Using actigraphy from two cohorts (n = 378), we examined fractal motor activity patterns both between individuals without depression and with varying recencies of depression and within individuals before and after depressive symptom recurrence. To evaluate fractal patterns, we quantified temporal correlations in motor activity fluctuations across different time scales using a scaling exponent, α. Linear mixed models were utilized to assess the influence of the sleep-wake cycle, (recency of) depression, and their interaction on α.Results: Fractal activity patterns in all individuals varied across the sleep-wake cycle, showing stronger temporal correlations during wakefulness (larger α = 1.035 ± 0.003) and more random activity fluctuations during sleep (smaller α = 0.784 ± 0.004, p < 0.001). This sleep-wake difference was reduced in recently depressed individuals (1-6 months), leading to larger α during sleep (0.836 ± 0.017), compared to currently depressed (0.781 ± 0.018, p = 0.006), remitted (0.776 ± 0.014, p < 0.001), and never-depressed individuals (0.773 ± 0.016, p < 0.001). Moreover, remitted individuals who experienced depressive symptom recurrence during antidepressant tapering exhibited a larger α during sleep after the symptom onset as compared to before (after: α = 0.703 ± 0.022; before: α = 0.680 ± 0.022; p < 0.001).Conclusions: These findings suggest a link between fractal motor activity patterns during sleep and depressive symptom recurrence in remitted individuals and those with recent depression.
KW - actigraphy
KW - depression
KW - fractal patterns
KW - mood disorder
KW - scale invariance
KW - sleep-wake rhythm
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85210989937
U2 - 10.1017/S0033291724002769
DO - 10.1017/S0033291724002769
M3 - Article
C2 - 39620467
AN - SCOPUS:85210989937
SN - 0033-2917
VL - 54
SP - 4429
EP - 4437
JO - Psychological Medicine
JF - Psychological Medicine
IS - 15
ER -