Hemoglobin levels in persons with depressive and/or anxiety disorders

Bianca A. Lever-van Milligen*, Nicole Vogelzangs, Johannes H. Smit, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

    45 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Objective: Both low and high hemoglobin levels lead to more physical diseases, and both are linked to mortality. Low hemoglobin, often classified as anemia, has also been linked to more depressive symptoms, but whether both hemoglobin extremes are associated with depressive disorder and potentially also with anxiety disorder has not been examined before. This study examines to which extent hemoglobin levels are associated with depression and anxiety disorders in a large cohort.

    Methods: The study sample consisted of 2920 persons from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. Hemoglobin levels were determined after venipuncture. Depressive and anxiety disorders were determined according to a DSM-IV-based psychiatric interview. Clinical psychiatric characteristics included the severity of depression and anxiety, the duration of symptoms, the age of onset and the antidepressant use.

    Results: Higher hemoglobin levels were found in those with current depressive and/or anxiety disorder S after sociodemographic adjustment and both higher, and lower hemoglobin levels were found in persons with higher depression and anxiety severity. However, after full adjustment for sociodemographics, disease indicators and lifestyle, associations were no longer significant.

    Conclusions: This cohort study showed that there is no independent association between depressive and/or anxiety disorders and hemoglobin levels or anemia status. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)317-321
    Number of pages5
    JournalJournal of Psychosomatic Research
    Volume76
    Issue number4
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Apr-2014

    Keywords

    • Depression
    • Anxiety
    • Hemoglobin
    • Anemia
    • DISABLED OLDER WOMEN
    • PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES
    • ANEMIA
    • MORTALITY
    • SYMPTOMS
    • HEALTH
    • RISK
    • INFLAMMATION
    • METAANALYSIS
    • RELIABILITY

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