In search of biological determinants of depressions.

ln Chapter 1 we discussed difficulties with regard to the assessment of depressions, the views which underly possible and accepted classification rules, and current definitions. The main theme was that the (neo-)Kraepelinian credo that depressions can be categorized in clinically well delineable, discrete nosological classes does not seem very realistic. This credo underlies most research into possible biological determinants of depressions and forms the basis of the cunently widely accepted classification system 'DSM-III(-R)' - which was critically commented upon. Categorical (syndromal) classification systems were contrasted with the possible alternative to characterize mental disturbances along psychopathological dimensions (e.g., 'degree of depression'). It was argued that the classical 'endogenous' or 'vital' depression, which in particular would involve biological disturbances, cannot be distinguished clinically from a (dimensionally) severe depression.... Zie: Summary