Abstract
Biomaterial-associated-infection causes failure of biomaterial implants. Many new biomaterials have been evaluated for their ability to inhibit bacterial colonization and stimulate tissue-cell-integration, but neglect the role of immune cells. This paper compares macrophage phagocytosis of adhering Staphylococcus aureus on cationic-coatings and patterned poly(ethylene)glycol-hydrogels versus common biomaterials and stainless steel in order to identify surface conditions that promote clearance of adhering bacteria. Staphylococci were allowed to adhere and grow on the materials in a parallel-plate-flow-chamber, after which murine macrophages were introduced. From the decrease in the number of adhering staphylococci, phagocytosis-rates were calculated, and total macrophage displacements during an experiment determined. Hydrophilic surfaces had the lowest phagocytosis-rates, while common biomaterials had intermediate phagocytosis-rates. Patterning of poly(ethylene)glycol-hydrogel coatings increased phagocytosis-rates to the level of common biomaterials, while on cationic-coatings phagocytosis-rates remained relatively low. Likely, phagocytosis-rates on cationic coatings are hampered relative to common biomaterials through strong electrostatic binding of negatively-charged macrophages and staphylococci. On polymeric biomaterials and glass, phagocytosis-rates increased with macrophage displacement, while both parameters increased with biomaterial surface hydrophobicity. Thus hydrophobicity is a necessary surface condition for effective phagocytosis. Concluding, next-generation biomaterials should account for surface effects on phagocytosis in order to enhance the ability of these materials to resist biomaterial-associated-infection. (C) 2015 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1-8 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Acta Biomaterialia |
Volume | 18 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - May-2015 |
Keywords
- Biomaterial-associated infection
- Poly(ethylene)glycol coatings
- Cationic coatings
- Water contact angles
- Phagocytosis
- GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA
- LIPOTEICHOIC ACID
- TISSUE INTEGRATION
- MICROBIAL ADHESION
- BIOFILM FORMATION
- J774 MACROPHAGES
- STAINLESS-STEEL
- CELL-ADHESION
- NITRIC-OXIDE
- SURFACES