Multiple osteolytic lesions of the jaws in a patient with neurofibromatosis type I: A case report and focused literature review

We describe the case of a patient diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type
1 (NF1) where unusually extensive and multiple osteolytic lesions of
both jaws consistent with central giant cell granulomas (CGCG) caused
massive bone destruction and left her almost “jawless.” The patient was
a 58-year-old woman who at the age of 15 years was diagnosed with
NF1 and at the age of 53 years underwent radiation therapy for nasal
obstruction due to CGCG. The most significant intraoral findings were
brown tumors on the maxillary gingiva; bilateral expansion of the hard
palate; and a yellow mass on the floor of the mouth. Head and neck
examination revealed mandibular asymmetry and features consistent
with NF1. Panoramic radiograph and cone beam computed tomography
disclosed multiple radiolucent masses. Although the occurrence of
multiple CGCG of the jaws in patients with NF1 is rare, early diagnosis,
regular follow-up and proper therapeutic intervention may limit the
extent of bone destruction.