Abstract
Neurodegenerative, inflammatory and neoplastic brain disorders involve neuroinflammatory reactions, and a biomarker of neuroinflammation would be useful for diagnostic, drug development and therapy control of these frequent diseases. In vivo imaging can document the expression of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR)/translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) that is linked to microglial activation and considered a hallmark of neuroinflammation. The prototype positron emission tomography tracer for PBR, [C-11]PK11195, has shown limitations that until now have slowed the clinical applications of PBR imaging. In recent years, dozens of new PET and SPECT radioligands for the PBR have been radio-labelled, and several have been evaluated in imaging protocols. Here we review the new PBR ligands proposed as challengers of [C-11]PK11195, critically analyze preclinical imaging studies and discuss their potential as neuroinflammation imaging agents.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 2304-2319 |
Number of pages | 16 |
Journal | European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging |
Volume | 35 |
Issue number | 12 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Dec-2008 |
Keywords
- Neuroinflammation
- PET
- [C-11]PK11195
- Peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR)
- Translocator protein 18kDa (TSPO)
- PERIPHERAL BENZODIAZEPINE-RECEPTOR
- POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY
- IN-VIVO EVALUATION
- CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM
- PROTEIN 18 KDA
- EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS
- EARLY ENDOTHELIAL ACTIVATION
- OXIDE SYNTHASE INHIBITORS
- FOCAL CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA
- MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS