Opposed independent effects and epistasis in the complex association of IRF5 to SLE

I. Ferreiro-Neira, M. Calaza, E. Alonso-Perez, M. Marchini, R. Scorza, G. D. Sebastiani, F. J. Blanco, I. Rego, R. Pullmann, R. Pullmann, C. G. Kallenberg, M. Bijl, F. N. Skopouli, M. Mavromati, S. Migliaresi, N. Barizzone, S. Ruzickova, C. Dostal, R. E. Schmidt, T. WitteC. Papasteriades, I. Kappou-Rigatou, E. Endreffy, A. Kovacs, J. Ordi-Ros, E. Balada, P. Carreira, J. J. Gomez-Reino, A. Gonzalez*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

53 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Genetic variation in the interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) gene affects systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility. However, association is complex and incompletely defined. We obtained fourteen European sample collections with a total of 1383 SLE patients and 1614 controls to better define the role of the different IRF5 variants. Eleven polymorphisms were studied, including nine tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and two extra functional polymorphisms. Two tag SNPs showed independent and opposed associations: susceptibility (rs10488631, P <10(-17)) and protection (rs729302, P <10(-6)). Haplotype analyses showed that the susceptibility haplotype, identified by the minor allele of rs10488631, can be due to epistasis between three IRF5 functional polymorphisms. These polymorphisms determine increased mRNA expression, a splice variant with a different exon 1 and a longer proline-rich region in exon 6. This result is striking as none of the three polymorphisms had an independent effect on their own. Protection was independent of these polymorphisms and seemed to reside in the 50 side of the gene. In conclusion, our results help to understand the role of the IRF5 locus in SLE susceptibility by clearly separating protection from susceptibility as caused by independent polymorphisms. In addition, we have found evidence for epistasis between known functional polymorphisms for the susceptibility effect.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)429-438
Number of pages10
JournalGenes & Immunity
Volume8
Issue number5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jul-2007

Keywords

  • epistasis
  • haplotype analysis
  • systemic lupus erythematosus
  • SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS
  • INTERFERON REGULATORY FACTOR
  • HAPLOTYPE
  • SUSCEPTIBILITY
  • POPULATION
  • ACTIVATION
  • INDUCTION
  • RISK
  • EXPRESSION
  • GENETICS

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