Renal risk markers and cardiovascular disease

Adequate treatment of the progression of cardiac disease requires a cardiorenal approach, since relatively small changes in kidney function is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Therefore, interfering with the cardiorenal axis is an important therapeutic objective. New therapeutic strategies might be triggered by focussing on increasing our knowledge concerning the adaptive and maladaptive mechanisms of the kidney involved in cardiac disease. The strategy of including renoprotective interventions in the prevention or progression of cardiac disease is a challenging one.