Seasonal Human Coronavirus Respiratory Tract Infection in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Infectious Complications Subcommittee of the Spanish Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy Group (GETH), Jose Luis Piñana, Aliénor Xhaard, Gloria Tridello, Jakob Passweg, Anne Kozijn, Nicola Polverelli, Inmaculada Heras, Ariadna Perez, Jaime Sanz, Dagmar Berghuis, Lourdes Vázquez, María Suárez-Lledó, Maija Itäla-Remes, Tulay Ozcelik, Isabel Iturrate Basarán, Musa Karakukcu, Mohsen Al Zahrani, Goda Choi, Marián Angeles Cuesta CasasMontserrat Batlle Massana, Amato Viviana, Nicole Blijlevens, Arnold Ganser, Baris Kuskonmaz, Hélène Labussière-Wallet, Peter J Shaw, Zeynep Arzu Yegin, Marta González-Vicent, Vanderson Rocha, Alina Ferster, Nina Knelange, David Navarro, Malgorzata Mikulska, Rafael de la Camara, Jan Styczynski

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    Abstract

    Background. Little is known about characteristics of seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) (NL63, 229E, OC43, and HKU1) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

    Methods. This was a collaborative Spanish and European bone marrow transplantation retrospective multicenter study, which induded allo-HSCT recipients (adults and children) with upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) and/or lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) caused by seasonal HCoV diagnosed through multiplex polymerase chain reaction assays from January 2012 to January 2019.

    Results. We included 402 allo-HSCT recipients who developed 449 HCoV URTD/LRTD episodes. Median age of recipients was 46 years (range, 0.3-73.8 years). HCoV episodes were diagnosed at a median of 222 days after transplantation. The most common HCoV subtype was OC43 (n = 170 [38%]). LRTD involvement occurred in 121 episodes (27%). HCoV infection frequently required hospitalization (18%), oxygen administration (13%), and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (3%). Three-month overall mortality after HCoV detection was 7% in the whole cohort and 16% in those with LRTD. We identified 3 conditions associated with higher mortality in recipients with LRTD: absolute lymphocyte count

    Conclusions. Seasonal HCoV after allo-HSCT may involve LRTD in many instances, leading to a significant morbidity.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)1564-1575
    Number of pages12
    JournalThe Journal of Infectious Diseases
    Volume223
    Issue number9
    Early online date29-Aug-2020
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 1-May-2021

    Keywords

    • seasonal human coronavirus
    • HCoV-NL63
    • HCoV-229E
    • HCoV-OC43
    • HCoV-HKU1
    • community-acquired respiratory virus
    • allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
    • immunocompromised
    • upper and lower respiratory tract disease
    • immunodeficiency score index
    • multiplex PCR assay
    • CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS
    • PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS
    • NL63 INFECTIONS
    • SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
    • PNEUMONIA
    • DISEASE
    • RHINOVIRUS
    • DIAGNOSIS
    • OUTCOMES
    • CHINA

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