Selective Blockade of CD28-Mediated T Cell Costimulation Protects Rhesus Monkeys against Acute Fatal Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Krista G. Haanstra*, Karin Dijkman, Noun Bashir, Jan Bauer, Caroline Mary, Nicolas Poirier, Paul Baker, Linda Scobie, Bert A. 't Hart, Bernard Vanhove

*Corresponding author for this work

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

    38 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Costimulatory and coinhibitory receptor-ligand pairs on T cells and APC control the immune response. We have investigated whether selective blockade of CD28-CD80/86 costimulatory interactions, which preserves the coinhibitory CTLA4-CD80/86 interactions and the function of regulatory T (Treg) cells, abrogates the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in rhesus monkeys. EAE was induced by intracutaneous immunization with recombinant human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (rhMOG) in CFA on day 0. FR104 is a monovalent, PEGylated-humanized Fab' Ab fragment against human CD28, cross-reactive with rhesus monkey CD28. FR104 or placebo was administered on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. FR104 levels remained high until the end of the study (day 42). Placebo-treated animals all developed clinical EAE between days 12 and 27. FR104-treated animals did not develop clinical EAE and were sacrificed at the end of the study resulting in a significantly prolonged survival. FR104 treatment diminished T and B cell responses against rhMOG, significantly reduced CNS inflammation and prevented demyelination. The inflammatory profile in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain material was also strongly reduced. Recrudescence of latent virus was investigated in blood, spleen, and brain. No differences between groups were observed for the beta-herpesvirus CMV and the polyomaviruses SV40 and SA12. Cross-sectional measurement of lymphocryptovirus, the rhesus monkey EBV, demonstrated elevated levels in the blood of FR104-treated animals. Blocking rhesus monkey CD28 with FR104 mitigated autoreactive T and B cell activation and prevented CNS pathology in the rhMOG/CFA EAE model in rhesus monkeys.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)1454-1466
    Number of pages13
    JournalJournal of Immunology
    Volume194
    Issue number4
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 15-Feb-2015

    Keywords

    • MYELIN OLIGODENDROCYTE GLYCOPROTEIN
    • CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM
    • POSTTRANSPLANT LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDER
    • NONHUMAN PRIMATE MODELS
    • MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS
    • RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS
    • COMMON MARMOSETS
    • ADULT PATIENTS
    • B-CELLS
    • ANTIBODY

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