Starburst to Quiescent from HST/ALMA: Stars and Dust Unveil Minor Mergers in Submillimeter Galaxies at z similar to 4.5

C. Gomez-Guijarro; S. Toft; A. Karim; B. Magnelli; G. E. Magdis; E. F. Jimenez-Andrade; P. L. Capak; F. Fraternali; S. Fujimoto; D. A. Riechers; E. Schinnerer; V. Smolcic; M. Aravena; F. Bertoldi; I. Cortzen; G. Hasinger; E. M. Hu; G. C. Jones; A. M. Koekemoer; N. Lee; H. J. McCracken; M. J. Michalowski; F. Navarrete; M. Povic; A. Puglisi; E. Romano-Diaz; K. Sheth; J. D. Silverman; J. Staguhn; C. L. Steinhardt; M. Stockmann; M. Tanaka; F. Valentino; E. van Kampen; A. Zirm

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aab206

Starburst to Quiescent from HST/ALMA: Stars and Dust Unveil Minor Mergers in Submillimeter Galaxies at z similar to 4.5

C. Gomez-Guijarro^*, S. Toft, A. Karim, B. Magnelli, G. E. Magdis, E. F. Jimenez-Andrade, P. L. Capak, F. Fraternali, S. Fujimoto, D. A. Riechers, E. Schinnerer, V. Smolcic, M. Aravena, F. Bertoldi, I. Cortzen, G. Hasinger, E. M. Hu, G. C. Jones, A. M. Koekemoer, N. LeeH. J. McCracken, M. J. Michalowski, F. Navarrete, M. Povic, A. Puglisi, E. Romano-Diaz, K. Sheth, J. D. Silverman, J. Staguhn, C. L. Steinhardt, M. Stockmann, M. Tanaka, F. Valentino, E. van Kampen, A. Zirm

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

Dust-enshrouded, starbursting, submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z >= 3 have been proposed as progenitors of z >= 2 compact quiescent galaxies (cQGs). To test this connection, we present a detailed spatially resolved study of the stars, dust, and stellar mass in a sample of six submillimeter-bright starburst galaxies at z similar to 4.5. The stellar UV emission probed by HST is extended and irregular and shows evidence of multiple components. Informed by HST, we deblend Spitzer/IRAC data at rest-frame optical, finding that the systems are undergoing minor mergers with a typical stellar mass ratio of 1:6.5. The FIR dust continuum emission traced by ALMA locates the bulk of star formation in extremely compact regions (median r(e) = 0.70 +/- 0.29 kpc), and it is in all cases associated with the most massive component of the mergers (median log(M-*/M-circle dot)= 10.49 +/- 0.32). We compare spatially resolved UV slope (beta) maps with the FIR dust continuum to study the infrared excess (IRX = L-IR/L-UV)-beta relation. The SMGs display systematically higher IRX values than expected from the nominal trend, demonstrating that the FIR and UV emissions are spatially disconnected. Finally, we show that the SMGs fall on the mass-size plane at smaller stellar masses and sizes than the cQGs at z = 2. Taking into account the expected evolution in stellar mass and size between z = 4.5 and z = 2 due to the ongoing starburst and mergers with minor companions, this is in agreement with a direct evolutionary connection between the two populations.

Original language	English
Article number	121
Number of pages	18
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	856
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab206
Publication status	Published - 1-Apr-2018

Keywords

galaxies: evolution
galaxies: formation
galaxies: high-redshift
galaxies: interactions
galaxies: ISM
galaxies: starburst
HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE
COSMOLOGY LEGACY SURVEY
FAR-INFRARED PROPERTIES
DEEP FIELD-SOUTH
C II EMISSION
FORMING GALAXIES
HIGH-REDSHIFT
PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS
ELLIPTIC GALAXIES
FORMATION HISTORY

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Gomez-Guijarro, C., Toft, S., Karim, A., Magnelli, B., Magdis, G. E., Jimenez-Andrade, E. F., Capak, P. L., Fraternali, F., Fujimoto, S., Riechers, D. A., Schinnerer, E., Smolcic, V., Aravena, M., Bertoldi, F., Cortzen, I., Hasinger, G., Hu, E. M., Jones, G. C., Koekemoer, A. M., ... Zirm, A. (2018). Starburst to Quiescent from HST/ALMA: Stars and Dust Unveil Minor Mergers in Submillimeter Galaxies at z similar to 4.5. Astrophysical Journal, 856(2), Article 121. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab206

@article{28cbdd79427940c189642a05bd7e009e,

title = "Starburst to Quiescent from HST/ALMA: Stars and Dust Unveil Minor Mergers in Submillimeter Galaxies at z similar to 4.5",

abstract = "Dust-enshrouded, starbursting, submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z >= 3 have been proposed as progenitors of z >= 2 compact quiescent galaxies (cQGs). To test this connection, we present a detailed spatially resolved study of the stars, dust, and stellar mass in a sample of six submillimeter-bright starburst galaxies at z similar to 4.5. The stellar UV emission probed by HST is extended and irregular and shows evidence of multiple components. Informed by HST, we deblend Spitzer/IRAC data at rest-frame optical, finding that the systems are undergoing minor mergers with a typical stellar mass ratio of 1:6.5. The FIR dust continuum emission traced by ALMA locates the bulk of star formation in extremely compact regions (median r(e) = 0.70 +/- 0.29 kpc), and it is in all cases associated with the most massive component of the mergers (median log(M-*/M-circle dot)= 10.49 +/- 0.32). We compare spatially resolved UV slope (beta) maps with the FIR dust continuum to study the infrared excess (IRX = L-IR/L-UV)-beta relation. The SMGs display systematically higher IRX values than expected from the nominal trend, demonstrating that the FIR and UV emissions are spatially disconnected. Finally, we show that the SMGs fall on the mass-size plane at smaller stellar masses and sizes than the cQGs at z = 2. Taking into account the expected evolution in stellar mass and size between z = 4.5 and z = 2 due to the ongoing starburst and mergers with minor companions, this is in agreement with a direct evolutionary connection between the two populations.",

keywords = "galaxies: evolution, galaxies: formation, galaxies: high-redshift, galaxies: interactions, galaxies: ISM, galaxies: starburst, HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE, COSMOLOGY LEGACY SURVEY, FAR-INFRARED PROPERTIES, DEEP FIELD-SOUTH, C II EMISSION, FORMING GALAXIES, HIGH-REDSHIFT, PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS, ELLIPTIC GALAXIES, FORMATION HISTORY",

author = "C. Gomez-Guijarro and S. Toft and A. Karim and B. Magnelli and Magdis, {G. E.} and Jimenez-Andrade, {E. F.} and Capak, {P. L.} and F. Fraternali and S. Fujimoto and Riechers, {D. A.} and E. Schinnerer and V. Smolcic and M. Aravena and F. Bertoldi and I. Cortzen and G. Hasinger and Hu, {E. M.} and Jones, {G. C.} and Koekemoer, {A. M.} and N. Lee and McCracken, {H. J.} and Michalowski, {M. J.} and F. Navarrete and M. Povic and A. Puglisi and E. Romano-Diaz and K. Sheth and Silverman, {J. D.} and J. Staguhn and Steinhardt, {C. L.} and M. Stockmann and M. Tanaka and F. Valentino and {van Kampen}, E. and A. Zirm",

year = "2018",

month = apr,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/aab206",

language = "English",

volume = "856",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IoP Publishing",

number = "2",

}

Gomez-Guijarro, C, Toft, S, Karim, A, Magnelli, B, Magdis, GE, Jimenez-Andrade, EF, Capak, PL, Fraternali, F, Fujimoto, S, Riechers, DA, Schinnerer, E, Smolcic, V, Aravena, M, Bertoldi, F, Cortzen, I, Hasinger, G, Hu, EM, Jones, GC, Koekemoer, AM, Lee, N, McCracken, HJ, Michalowski, MJ, Navarrete, F, Povic, M, Puglisi, A, Romano-Diaz, E, Sheth, K, Silverman, JD, Staguhn, J, Steinhardt, CL, Stockmann, M, Tanaka, M, Valentino, F, van Kampen, E & Zirm, A 2018, 'Starburst to Quiescent from HST/ALMA: Stars and Dust Unveil Minor Mergers in Submillimeter Galaxies at z similar to 4.5', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 856, no. 2, 121. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab206

TY - JOUR

T1 - Starburst to Quiescent from HST/ALMA

T2 - Stars and Dust Unveil Minor Mergers in Submillimeter Galaxies at z similar to 4.5

AU - Gomez-Guijarro, C.

AU - Toft, S.

AU - Karim, A.

AU - Magnelli, B.

AU - Magdis, G. E.

AU - Jimenez-Andrade, E. F.

AU - Capak, P. L.

AU - Fraternali, F.

AU - Fujimoto, S.

AU - Riechers, D. A.

AU - Schinnerer, E.

AU - Smolcic, V.

AU - Aravena, M.

AU - Bertoldi, F.

AU - Cortzen, I.

AU - Hasinger, G.

AU - Hu, E. M.

AU - Jones, G. C.

AU - Koekemoer, A. M.

AU - Lee, N.

AU - McCracken, H. J.

AU - Michalowski, M. J.

AU - Navarrete, F.

AU - Povic, M.

AU - Puglisi, A.

AU - Romano-Diaz, E.

AU - Sheth, K.

AU - Silverman, J. D.

AU - Staguhn, J.

AU - Steinhardt, C. L.

AU - Stockmann, M.

AU - Tanaka, M.

AU - Valentino, F.

AU - van Kampen, E.

AU - Zirm, A.

PY - 2018/4/1

Y1 - 2018/4/1

N2 - Dust-enshrouded, starbursting, submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z >= 3 have been proposed as progenitors of z >= 2 compact quiescent galaxies (cQGs). To test this connection, we present a detailed spatially resolved study of the stars, dust, and stellar mass in a sample of six submillimeter-bright starburst galaxies at z similar to 4.5. The stellar UV emission probed by HST is extended and irregular and shows evidence of multiple components. Informed by HST, we deblend Spitzer/IRAC data at rest-frame optical, finding that the systems are undergoing minor mergers with a typical stellar mass ratio of 1:6.5. The FIR dust continuum emission traced by ALMA locates the bulk of star formation in extremely compact regions (median r(e) = 0.70 +/- 0.29 kpc), and it is in all cases associated with the most massive component of the mergers (median log(M-*/M-circle dot)= 10.49 +/- 0.32). We compare spatially resolved UV slope (beta) maps with the FIR dust continuum to study the infrared excess (IRX = L-IR/L-UV)-beta relation. The SMGs display systematically higher IRX values than expected from the nominal trend, demonstrating that the FIR and UV emissions are spatially disconnected. Finally, we show that the SMGs fall on the mass-size plane at smaller stellar masses and sizes than the cQGs at z = 2. Taking into account the expected evolution in stellar mass and size between z = 4.5 and z = 2 due to the ongoing starburst and mergers with minor companions, this is in agreement with a direct evolutionary connection between the two populations.

AB - Dust-enshrouded, starbursting, submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z >= 3 have been proposed as progenitors of z >= 2 compact quiescent galaxies (cQGs). To test this connection, we present a detailed spatially resolved study of the stars, dust, and stellar mass in a sample of six submillimeter-bright starburst galaxies at z similar to 4.5. The stellar UV emission probed by HST is extended and irregular and shows evidence of multiple components. Informed by HST, we deblend Spitzer/IRAC data at rest-frame optical, finding that the systems are undergoing minor mergers with a typical stellar mass ratio of 1:6.5. The FIR dust continuum emission traced by ALMA locates the bulk of star formation in extremely compact regions (median r(e) = 0.70 +/- 0.29 kpc), and it is in all cases associated with the most massive component of the mergers (median log(M-*/M-circle dot)= 10.49 +/- 0.32). We compare spatially resolved UV slope (beta) maps with the FIR dust continuum to study the infrared excess (IRX = L-IR/L-UV)-beta relation. The SMGs display systematically higher IRX values than expected from the nominal trend, demonstrating that the FIR and UV emissions are spatially disconnected. Finally, we show that the SMGs fall on the mass-size plane at smaller stellar masses and sizes than the cQGs at z = 2. Taking into account the expected evolution in stellar mass and size between z = 4.5 and z = 2 due to the ongoing starburst and mergers with minor companions, this is in agreement with a direct evolutionary connection between the two populations.

KW - galaxies: evolution

KW - galaxies: formation

KW - galaxies: high-redshift

KW - galaxies: interactions

KW - galaxies: ISM

KW - galaxies: starburst

KW - HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE

KW - COSMOLOGY LEGACY SURVEY

KW - FAR-INFRARED PROPERTIES

KW - DEEP FIELD-SOUTH

KW - C II EMISSION

KW - FORMING GALAXIES

KW - HIGH-REDSHIFT

KW - PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS

KW - ELLIPTIC GALAXIES

KW - FORMATION HISTORY

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/aab206

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/aab206

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 856

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 121

ER -

Starburst to Quiescent from HST/ALMA: Stars and Dust Unveil Minor Mergers in Submillimeter Galaxies at z similar to 4.5

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Keywords

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