Synthesis, Physicochemical Properties, and Detergency of Disodium 2-Alkyl-1,3-propanediyl Bissulfates

In this paper we describe the synthesis and the physicochemical properties of a series of highly calcium-tolerant anionic surfactants. Detergency tests for one of the surfactants, disodium 2-n-hexadecyl-1,3-propanediyl bissulfate 3d, in formulations with and without builder are reported. These tests were performed using a robot-Terg-O-tometer. The results of these tests are compared to the results of detergency tests of standard surfactants: LAS 113, a linear alkylbenzenesulfonate, PAS 45, a linear alkylsulfate, and PAES 23-2S, an alkylethersulfate, representing standard commercial anionic surfactants of which the last is calcium-tolerant, i.e., it does not precipitate from its aqueous solution in the presence of calcium ions. The detergency performance of bissulfate 3d was similar to that of PAES 23-2S, with and without builder.