The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS): Breast size dissatisfaction and its antecedents and outcomes in women from 40 nations

Ulrich S Tran; David Barron; Reza Afhami; Annie Aimé; Carlos A Almenara; Nursel Alp Dal; Ana Carolina Soares Amaral; Sonny Andrianto; Gulnaz Anjum; Marios Argyrides; Mohammad Atari; Mudassar Aziz; Benjamin Banai; Joanna Borowiec; Alexandra Brewis; Yeliz Cakir Kocak; Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos; Carmen Carmona; Trawin Chaleeraktrakoon; Hong Chen; Phatthanakit Chobthamkit; Bovornpot Choompunuch; Togas Constantinos; Aine Crumlish; Julio Eduardo Cruz; Simon E Dalley; Devi Damayanti; Joanna Dare; Stacey M Donofrio; Anja Draksler; Michelle Escasa-Dorne; Elaine Frances Fernandez; Maria Elisa Caputo Ferreira; David A Frederick; Antonio Alías García; Shulamit Geller; Alexias George; Louai Ghazieh; Cosmin Goian; Colin Gorman; Caterina Grano; Jonathan Eliahu Handelzalts; Heather Horsburgh; Todd Jackson; Lady Grey Javela Javela Delgado; Marija Jović; Marko Jović; Adam Kantanista; Karlijn Massar; Jose Vidal-Mollón

doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.006

The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS): Breast size dissatisfaction and its antecedents and outcomes in women from 40 nations

Ulrich S Tran, David Barron, Reza Afhami, Annie Aimé, Carlos A Almenara, Nursel Alp Dal, Ana Carolina Soares Amaral, Sonny Andrianto, Gulnaz Anjum, Marios Argyrides, Mohammad Atari, Mudassar Aziz, Benjamin Banai, Joanna Borowiec, Alexandra Brewis, Yeliz Cakir Kocak, Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos, Carmen Carmona, Trawin Chaleeraktrakoon, Hong ChenPhatthanakit Chobthamkit, Bovornpot Choompunuch, Togas Constantinos, Aine Crumlish, Julio Eduardo Cruz, Simon E Dalley, Devi Damayanti, Joanna Dare, Stacey M Donofrio, Anja Draksler, Michelle Escasa-Dorne, Elaine Frances Fernandez, Maria Elisa Caputo Ferreira, David A Frederick, Antonio Alías García, Shulamit Geller, Alexias George, Louai Ghazieh, Cosmin Goian, Colin Gorman, Caterina Grano, Jonathan Eliahu Handelzalts, Heather Horsburgh, Todd Jackson, Lady Grey Javela Javela Delgado, Marija Jović, Marko Jović, Adam Kantanista, Karlijn Massar, Jose Vidal-Mollón

Social Psychology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

40 Citations (Scopus)

461 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS) was established to assess women's breast size dissatisfaction and breasted experiences from a cross-national perspective. A total of 18,541 women were recruited from 61 research sites across 40 nations and completed measures of current-ideal breast size discrepancy, as well as measures of theorised antecedents (personality, Western and local media exposure, and proxies of socioeconomic status) and outcomes (weight and appearance dissatisfaction, breast awareness, and psychological well-being). In the total dataset, 47.5 % of women wanted larger breasts than they currently had, 23.2 % wanted smaller breasts, and 29.3 % were satisfied with their current breast size. There were significant cross-national differences in mean ideal breast size and absolute breast size dissatisfaction, but effect sizes were small (η2 = .02-.03). The results of multilevel modelling showed that greater Neuroticism, lower Conscientiousness, lower Western media exposure, greater local media exposure, lower financial security, and younger age were associated with greater breast size dissatisfaction across nations. In addition, greater absolute breast size dissatisfaction was associated with greater weight and appearance dissatisfaction, poorer breast awareness, and poorer psychological well-being across nations. These results indicate that breast size dissatisfaction is a global public health concern linked to women's psychological and physical well-being.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	199-217
Number of pages	19
Journal	Body Image
Volume	32
Early online date	4-Feb-2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.006
Publication status	Published - Mar-2020

Keywords

Breast size
Breast ideals
Breast awareness
Personality
Psychological well-being
Cross-cultural psychology
POSITIVE BODY-IMAGE
MENS PREFERENCES
SELF-EXAMINATION
SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE
WEIGHT DISCREPANCY
PERSONALITY-TRAITS
OPPRESSIVE BELIEFS
ROMANTIC PARTNERS
COSMETIC SURGERY
FEMALE BREAST

Access to Document

10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.006

The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS)Final publisher's version, 1.31 MBLicence: Taverne

Handle.net

Persistent link

Cite this

Tran, U. S., Barron, D., Afhami, R., Aimé, A., Almenara, C. A., Alp Dal, N., Amaral, A. C. S., Andrianto, S., Anjum, G., Argyrides, M., Atari, M., Aziz, M., Banai, B., Borowiec, J., Brewis, A., Cakir Kocak, Y., Campos, J. A. D. B., Carmona, C., Chaleeraktrakoon, T., ... Vidal-Mollón, J. (2020). The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS): Breast size dissatisfaction and its antecedents and outcomes in women from 40 nations. Body Image, 32, 199-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.006

@article{f8fa9e93512649848c53019f6b30f3a2,

title = "The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS): Breast size dissatisfaction and its antecedents and outcomes in women from 40 nations",

abstract = "The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS) was established to assess women's breast size dissatisfaction and breasted experiences from a cross-national perspective. A total of 18,541 women were recruited from 61 research sites across 40 nations and completed measures of current-ideal breast size discrepancy, as well as measures of theorised antecedents (personality, Western and local media exposure, and proxies of socioeconomic status) and outcomes (weight and appearance dissatisfaction, breast awareness, and psychological well-being). In the total dataset, 47.5 % of women wanted larger breasts than they currently had, 23.2 % wanted smaller breasts, and 29.3 % were satisfied with their current breast size. There were significant cross-national differences in mean ideal breast size and absolute breast size dissatisfaction, but effect sizes were small (η2 = .02-.03). The results of multilevel modelling showed that greater Neuroticism, lower Conscientiousness, lower Western media exposure, greater local media exposure, lower financial security, and younger age were associated with greater breast size dissatisfaction across nations. In addition, greater absolute breast size dissatisfaction was associated with greater weight and appearance dissatisfaction, poorer breast awareness, and poorer psychological well-being across nations. These results indicate that breast size dissatisfaction is a global public health concern linked to women's psychological and physical well-being.",

keywords = "Breast size, Breast ideals, Breast awareness, Personality, Psychological well-being, Cross-cultural psychology, POSITIVE BODY-IMAGE, MENS PREFERENCES, SELF-EXAMINATION, SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE, WEIGHT DISCREPANCY, PERSONALITY-TRAITS, OPPRESSIVE BELIEFS, ROMANTIC PARTNERS, COSMETIC SURGERY, FEMALE BREAST",

author = "Tran, {Ulrich S} and David Barron and Reza Afhami and Annie Aim{\'e} and Almenara, {Carlos A} and {Alp Dal}, Nursel and Amaral, {Ana Carolina Soares} and Sonny Andrianto and Gulnaz Anjum and Marios Argyrides and Mohammad Atari and Mudassar Aziz and Benjamin Banai and Joanna Borowiec and Alexandra Brewis and {Cakir Kocak}, Yeliz and Campos, {Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini} and Carmen Carmona and Trawin Chaleeraktrakoon and Hong Chen and Phatthanakit Chobthamkit and Bovornpot Choompunuch and Togas Constantinos and Aine Crumlish and Cruz, {Julio Eduardo} and Dalley, {Simon E} and Devi Damayanti and Joanna Dare and Donofrio, {Stacey M} and Anja Draksler and Michelle Escasa-Dorne and Fernandez, {Elaine Frances} and Ferreira, {Maria Elisa Caputo} and Frederick, {David A} and Garc{\'i}a, {Antonio Al{\'i}as} and Shulamit Geller and Alexias George and Louai Ghazieh and Cosmin Goian and Colin Gorman and Caterina Grano and Handelzalts, {Jonathan Eliahu} and Heather Horsburgh and Todd Jackson and {Javela Delgado}, {Lady Grey Javela} and Marija Jovi{\'c} and Marko Jovi{\'c} and Adam Kantanista and Karlijn Massar and Jose Vidal-Moll{\'o}n",

year = "2020",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.006",

language = "English",

volume = "32",

pages = "199--217",

journal = "Body Image",

issn = "1740-1445",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

Tran, US, Barron, D, Afhami, R, Aimé, A, Almenara, CA, Alp Dal, N, Amaral, ACS, Andrianto, S, Anjum, G, Argyrides, M, Atari, M, Aziz, M, Banai, B, Borowiec, J, Brewis, A, Cakir Kocak, Y, Campos, JADB, Carmona, C, Chaleeraktrakoon, T, Chen, H, Chobthamkit, P, Choompunuch, B, Constantinos, T, Crumlish, A, Cruz, JE, Dalley, SE, Damayanti, D, Dare, J, Donofrio, SM, Draksler, A, Escasa-Dorne, M, Fernandez, EF, Ferreira, MEC, Frederick, DA, García, AA, Geller, S, George, A, Ghazieh, L, Goian, C, Gorman, C, Grano, C, Handelzalts, JE, Horsburgh, H, Jackson, T, Javela Delgado, LGJ, Jović, M, Jović, M, Kantanista, A, Massar, K & Vidal-Mollón, J 2020, 'The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS): Breast size dissatisfaction and its antecedents and outcomes in women from 40 nations', Body Image, vol. 32, pp. 199-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.006

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS)

T2 - Breast size dissatisfaction and its antecedents and outcomes in women from 40 nations

AU - Tran, Ulrich S

AU - Barron, David

AU - Afhami, Reza

AU - Aimé, Annie

AU - Almenara, Carlos A

AU - Alp Dal, Nursel

AU - Amaral, Ana Carolina Soares

AU - Andrianto, Sonny

AU - Anjum, Gulnaz

AU - Argyrides, Marios

AU - Atari, Mohammad

AU - Aziz, Mudassar

AU - Banai, Benjamin

AU - Borowiec, Joanna

AU - Brewis, Alexandra

AU - Cakir Kocak, Yeliz

AU - Campos, Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini

AU - Carmona, Carmen

AU - Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin

AU - Chen, Hong

AU - Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit

AU - Choompunuch, Bovornpot

AU - Constantinos, Togas

AU - Crumlish, Aine

AU - Cruz, Julio Eduardo

AU - Dalley, Simon E

AU - Damayanti, Devi

AU - Dare, Joanna

AU - Donofrio, Stacey M

AU - Draksler, Anja

AU - Escasa-Dorne, Michelle

AU - Fernandez, Elaine Frances

AU - Ferreira, Maria Elisa Caputo

AU - Frederick, David A

AU - García, Antonio Alías

AU - Geller, Shulamit

AU - George, Alexias

AU - Ghazieh, Louai

AU - Goian, Cosmin

AU - Gorman, Colin

AU - Grano, Caterina

AU - Handelzalts, Jonathan Eliahu

AU - Horsburgh, Heather

AU - Jackson, Todd

AU - Javela Delgado, Lady Grey Javela

AU - Jović, Marija

AU - Jović, Marko

AU - Kantanista, Adam

AU - Massar, Karlijn

AU - Vidal-Mollón, Jose

PY - 2020/3

Y1 - 2020/3

N2 - The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS) was established to assess women's breast size dissatisfaction and breasted experiences from a cross-national perspective. A total of 18,541 women were recruited from 61 research sites across 40 nations and completed measures of current-ideal breast size discrepancy, as well as measures of theorised antecedents (personality, Western and local media exposure, and proxies of socioeconomic status) and outcomes (weight and appearance dissatisfaction, breast awareness, and psychological well-being). In the total dataset, 47.5 % of women wanted larger breasts than they currently had, 23.2 % wanted smaller breasts, and 29.3 % were satisfied with their current breast size. There were significant cross-national differences in mean ideal breast size and absolute breast size dissatisfaction, but effect sizes were small (η2 = .02-.03). The results of multilevel modelling showed that greater Neuroticism, lower Conscientiousness, lower Western media exposure, greater local media exposure, lower financial security, and younger age were associated with greater breast size dissatisfaction across nations. In addition, greater absolute breast size dissatisfaction was associated with greater weight and appearance dissatisfaction, poorer breast awareness, and poorer psychological well-being across nations. These results indicate that breast size dissatisfaction is a global public health concern linked to women's psychological and physical well-being.

AB - The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS) was established to assess women's breast size dissatisfaction and breasted experiences from a cross-national perspective. A total of 18,541 women were recruited from 61 research sites across 40 nations and completed measures of current-ideal breast size discrepancy, as well as measures of theorised antecedents (personality, Western and local media exposure, and proxies of socioeconomic status) and outcomes (weight and appearance dissatisfaction, breast awareness, and psychological well-being). In the total dataset, 47.5 % of women wanted larger breasts than they currently had, 23.2 % wanted smaller breasts, and 29.3 % were satisfied with their current breast size. There were significant cross-national differences in mean ideal breast size and absolute breast size dissatisfaction, but effect sizes were small (η2 = .02-.03). The results of multilevel modelling showed that greater Neuroticism, lower Conscientiousness, lower Western media exposure, greater local media exposure, lower financial security, and younger age were associated with greater breast size dissatisfaction across nations. In addition, greater absolute breast size dissatisfaction was associated with greater weight and appearance dissatisfaction, poorer breast awareness, and poorer psychological well-being across nations. These results indicate that breast size dissatisfaction is a global public health concern linked to women's psychological and physical well-being.

KW - Breast size

KW - Breast ideals

KW - Breast awareness

KW - Personality

KW - Psychological well-being

KW - Cross-cultural psychology

KW - POSITIVE BODY-IMAGE

KW - MENS PREFERENCES

KW - SELF-EXAMINATION

KW - SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE

KW - WEIGHT DISCREPANCY

KW - PERSONALITY-TRAITS

KW - OPPRESSIVE BELIEFS

KW - ROMANTIC PARTNERS

KW - COSMETIC SURGERY

KW - FEMALE BREAST

U2 - 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.006

DO - 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.006

M3 - Article

C2 - 32032822

SN - 1740-1445

VL - 32

SP - 199

EP - 217

JO - Body Image

JF - Body Image

ER -

The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS): Breast size dissatisfaction and its antecedents and outcomes in women from 40 nations

Abstract

Keywords

Access to Document

Handle.net

Fingerprint

Cite this