The duty cycle of radio galaxies revealed by LOFAR: Remnant and restarted radio source populations in the Lockman Hole

Stanislav S. Shabala; Nika Jurlin; Raffaella Morganti; Marisa Brienza; Martin J. Hardcastle; Leith E. H. Godfrey; Martin G. H. Krause; Ross J. Turner

doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1172

The duty cycle of radio galaxies revealed by LOFAR: Remnant and restarted radio source populations in the Lockman Hole

Stanislav S. Shabala^*, Nika Jurlin, Raffaella Morganti, Marisa Brienza, Martin J. Hardcastle, Leith E. H. Godfrey, Martin G. H. Krause, Ross J. Turner

^*Corresponding author for this work

Astronomy

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Abstract

Feedback from radio jets associated with active galactic nuclei (AGNs) plays a profound role in the evolution of galaxies. Kinetic power of these radio jets appears to show temporal variation, but the mechanism(s) responsible for this process are not yet clear. Recently, the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) has uncovered large populations of active, remnant, and restarted radio jet populations. By focusing on LOFAR data in the Lockman Hole, in this work we use the Radio AGNs in Semi-Analytic Environments (RAiSE) dynamical model to present the first self-consistent modelling analysis of active, remnant, and restarted radio source populations. Consistent with other recent work, our models predict that remnant radio lobes fade quickly. Any high (> 10 per cent) observed fraction of remnant and restarted sources therefore requires a dominant population of short-lived jets. We speculate that this could plausibly be provided by feedback-regulated accretion.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1706-1717
Number of pages	12
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	496
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1172
Publication status	Published - Aug-2020

Keywords

galaxies: active
galaxies: jets
radio continuum: galaxies
ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES
STAR-FORMATION
RELATIVISTIC JETS
PARTICLE CONTENT
HOST GALAXIES
AGN ACTIVITY
LOUD AGN
FEEDBACK
GAS

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The duty cycle of radio galaxies revealed by LOFAR: remnant andrestarted radio source populations in the Lockman HoleFinal publisher's version, 0.98 MBLicence: Unspecified

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@article{054c45b7f8d640d7b139857e332f6967,

title = "The duty cycle of radio galaxies revealed by LOFAR: Remnant and restarted radio source populations in the Lockman Hole",

abstract = "Feedback from radio jets associated with active galactic nuclei (AGNs) plays a profound role in the evolution of galaxies. Kinetic power of these radio jets appears to show temporal variation, but the mechanism(s) responsible for this process are not yet clear. Recently, the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) has uncovered large populations of active, remnant, and restarted radio jet populations. By focusing on LOFAR data in the Lockman Hole, in this work we use the Radio AGNs in Semi-Analytic Environments (RAiSE) dynamical model to present the first self-consistent modelling analysis of active, remnant, and restarted radio source populations. Consistent with other recent work, our models predict that remnant radio lobes fade quickly. Any high (> 10 per cent) observed fraction of remnant and restarted sources therefore requires a dominant population of short-lived jets. We speculate that this could plausibly be provided by feedback-regulated accretion.",

keywords = "galaxies: active, galaxies: jets, radio continuum: galaxies, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES, STAR-FORMATION, RELATIVISTIC JETS, PARTICLE CONTENT, HOST GALAXIES, AGN ACTIVITY, LOUD AGN, FEEDBACK, GAS",

author = "Shabala, {Stanislav S.} and Nika Jurlin and Raffaella Morganti and Marisa Brienza and Hardcastle, {Martin J.} and Godfrey, {Leith E. H.} and Krause, {Martin G. H.} and Turner, {Ross J.}",

year = "2020",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1093/mnras/staa1172",

language = "English",

volume = "496",

pages = "1706--1717",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "2",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - The duty cycle of radio galaxies revealed by LOFAR

T2 - Remnant and restarted radio source populations in the Lockman Hole

AU - Shabala, Stanislav S.

AU - Jurlin, Nika

AU - Morganti, Raffaella

AU - Brienza, Marisa

AU - Hardcastle, Martin J.

AU - Godfrey, Leith E. H.

AU - Krause, Martin G. H.

AU - Turner, Ross J.

PY - 2020/8

Y1 - 2020/8

N2 - Feedback from radio jets associated with active galactic nuclei (AGNs) plays a profound role in the evolution of galaxies. Kinetic power of these radio jets appears to show temporal variation, but the mechanism(s) responsible for this process are not yet clear. Recently, the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) has uncovered large populations of active, remnant, and restarted radio jet populations. By focusing on LOFAR data in the Lockman Hole, in this work we use the Radio AGNs in Semi-Analytic Environments (RAiSE) dynamical model to present the first self-consistent modelling analysis of active, remnant, and restarted radio source populations. Consistent with other recent work, our models predict that remnant radio lobes fade quickly. Any high (> 10 per cent) observed fraction of remnant and restarted sources therefore requires a dominant population of short-lived jets. We speculate that this could plausibly be provided by feedback-regulated accretion.

AB - Feedback from radio jets associated with active galactic nuclei (AGNs) plays a profound role in the evolution of galaxies. Kinetic power of these radio jets appears to show temporal variation, but the mechanism(s) responsible for this process are not yet clear. Recently, the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) has uncovered large populations of active, remnant, and restarted radio jet populations. By focusing on LOFAR data in the Lockman Hole, in this work we use the Radio AGNs in Semi-Analytic Environments (RAiSE) dynamical model to present the first self-consistent modelling analysis of active, remnant, and restarted radio source populations. Consistent with other recent work, our models predict that remnant radio lobes fade quickly. Any high (> 10 per cent) observed fraction of remnant and restarted sources therefore requires a dominant population of short-lived jets. We speculate that this could plausibly be provided by feedback-regulated accretion.

KW - galaxies: active

KW - galaxies: jets

KW - radio continuum: galaxies

KW - ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI

KW - SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES

KW - STAR-FORMATION

KW - RELATIVISTIC JETS

KW - PARTICLE CONTENT

KW - HOST GALAXIES

KW - AGN ACTIVITY

KW - LOUD AGN

KW - FEEDBACK

KW - GAS

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/staa1172

DO - 10.1093/mnras/staa1172

M3 - Article

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 496

SP - 1706

EP - 1717

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 2

ER -

The duty cycle of radio galaxies revealed by LOFAR: Remnant and restarted radio source populations in the Lockman Hole

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Keywords

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