The Evolution of the Broadband Temporal Features Observed in the Black-hole Transient MAXI J1820+070 with Insight-HXMT

Yanan Wang; Long Ji; S. Zhang; Mariano Méndez; J. L. Qu; Pierre Maggi; M. Y. Ge; Erlin Qiao; L. Tao; S. Zhang; Diego Altamirano; L. Zhang; X. Ma; F. J. Lu; T. P. Li; Y. Huang; S. J. Zheng; Y. Chen; Z. Chang; Y. L. Tuo; C. Güngör; L. M. Song; Y. P. Xu; X. L. Cao; Y. Chen; C. Z. Liu; Q. C. Bu; C. Cai; G. Chen; L. Chen; T. X. Chen; Y. Chen; W. W. Cui; W. W. Cui; J. K. Deng; Y. W. Dong; Y. Y. Du; M. X. Fu; G. H. Gao; H. Gao; M. Gao; Y. D. Gu; J. Guan; C. C. Guo; D. W. Han; J. Huo; S. M. Jia; L. H. Jiang; W. C. Jiang; J. Jin; Y. J. Jin; L. D. Kong; B. Li; C. K. Li; G. Li; M. S. Li; W. Li; X. B. Li; X. B. Li; X. B. Li; Y. G. Li; Z. W. Li; X. H. Liang; J. Y. Liao; G. Q. Liu; H. W. Liu; X. J. Liu; Y. N. Liu; B. Lu; X. F. Lu; Q. Luo; T. Luo; B. Meng; Y. Nang; J. Y. Nie; G. Ou; N. Sai; R. C. Shang; X. Y. Song; L. Sun; Y. Tan; G. F. Wang; J. Wang; W. S. Wang; Y. S. Wang; Y. S. Wang; X. Y. Wen; B. Y. Wu; B. Y. Wu; M. Wu; G. C. Xiao; S. Xiao; S. L. Xiong; J. W. Yang; S. Yang; Y. J. Yang; Y. J. Yang; Q. B. Yi; Q. Q. Yin; Y. You; A. M. Zhang; C. M. Zhang; F. Zhang; H. M. Zhang; J. Zhang; T. Zhang; W. Zhang; W. Zhang; W. Zhang; Y. Zhang; Y. Zhang; Y. Zhang; Y. Zhang; Z. Zhang; Z. Zhang; Z. Zhang; H. S. Zhao; X. F. Zhao; D. K. Zhou; J. F. Zhou; R. L. Zhuang; Y. X. Zhu; Y. X. Zhu; Lingjun Wang

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab8db4

The Evolution of the Broadband Temporal Features Observed in the Black-hole Transient MAXI J1820+070 with Insight-HXMT

Yanan Wang^*, Long Ji, S. Zhang, Mariano Méndez, J. L. Qu, Pierre Maggi, M. Y. Ge, Erlin Qiao, L. Tao, S. Zhang, Diego Altamirano, L. Zhang, X. Ma, F. J. Lu, T. P. Li, Y. Huang, S. J. Zheng, Y. Chen, Z. Chang, Y. L. TuoC. Güngör, L. M. Song, Y. P. Xu, X. L. Cao, Y. Chen, C. Z. Liu, Q. C. Bu, C. Cai, G. Chen, L. Chen, T. X. Chen, Y. Chen, W. W. Cui, W. W. Cui, J. K. Deng, Y. W. Dong, Y. Y. Du, M. X. Fu, G. H. Gao, H. Gao, M. Gao, Y. D. Gu, J. Guan, C. C. Guo, D. W. Han, J. Huo, S. M. Jia, L. H. Jiang, W. C. Jiang, J. Jin, Y. J. Jin, L. D. Kong, B. Li, C. K. Li, G. Li, M. S. Li, W. Li, X. B. Li, X. B. Li, X. B. Li, Y. G. Li, Z. W. Li, X. H. Liang, J. Y. Liao, G. Q. Liu, H. W. Liu, X. J. Liu, Y. N. Liu, B. Lu, X. F. Lu, Q. Luo, T. Luo, B. Meng, Y. Nang, J. Y. Nie, G. Ou, N. Sai, R. C. Shang, X. Y. Song, L. Sun, Y. Tan, G. F. Wang, J. Wang, W. S. Wang, Y. S. Wang, Y. S. Wang, X. Y. Wen, B. Y. Wu, B. Y. Wu, M. Wu, G. C. Xiao, S. Xiao, S. L. Xiong, J. W. Yang, S. Yang, Y. J. Yang, Y. J. Yang, Q. B. Yi, Q. Q. Yin, Y. You, A. M. Zhang, C. M. Zhang, F. Zhang, H. M. Zhang, J. Zhang, T. Zhang, W. Zhang, W. Zhang, W. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z. Zhang, H. S. Zhao, X. F. Zhao, D. K. Zhou, J. F. Zhou, R. L. Zhuang, Y. X. Zhu, Y. X. Zhu, Lingjun Wang

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Abstract

We study the evolution of the temporal properties of MAXI J1820+070 during the 2018 outburst in its hard state from MJD 58,190 to 58,289 with Insight-HXMT in a broad energy band 1-150 keV. We find different behaviors of the hardness ratio, the fractional rms and time lag before and after MJD 58,257, suggesting a transition occurred around this point. The observed time lags between the soft photons in the 1-5 keV band and the hard photons in higher energy bands, up to 150 keV, are frequency-dependent: the time lags in the low-frequency range, 2-10 mHz, are both soft and hard lags with a timescale of dozens of seconds but without a clear trend along the outburst; the time lags in the high-frequency range, 1-10 Hz, are only hard lags with a timescale of tens of milliseconds; they first increase until around MJD 58,257 and decrease after this date. The high-frequency time lags are significantly correlated to the photon index derived from the fit to the quasi-simultaneous NICER spectrum in the 1-10 keV band. This result is qualitatively consistent with a model in which the high-frequency time lags are produced by Comptonization in a jet.

Original language	English
Article number	33
Number of pages	8
Journal	The Astrophysical Journal
Volume	896
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab8db4
Publication status	Published - 1-Jun-2020

Keywords

Black holes
Compact objects
Low-mass x-ray binary stars

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10.3847/1538-4357/ab8db4

The Evolution of the Broadband Temporal Features Observed in the Black-hole Transient MAXI J1820+070 with Insight-HXMTFinal publisher's version, 1.01 MBLicence: Taverne

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Wang, Y., Ji, L., Zhang, S., Méndez, M., Qu, J. L., Maggi, P., Ge, M. Y., Qiao, E., Tao, L., Zhang, S., Altamirano, D., Zhang, L., Ma, X., Lu, F. J., Li, T. P., Huang, Y., Zheng, S. J., Chen, Y., Chang, Z., ... Wang, L. (2020). The Evolution of the Broadband Temporal Features Observed in the Black-hole Transient MAXI J1820+070 with Insight-HXMT. The Astrophysical Journal, 896(1), Article 33. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab8db4

@article{d9b0896ea6a345ee98c0a4b13cc54d2d,

title = "The Evolution of the Broadband Temporal Features Observed in the Black-hole Transient MAXI J1820+070 with Insight-HXMT",

abstract = "We study the evolution of the temporal properties of MAXI J1820+070 during the 2018 outburst in its hard state from MJD 58,190 to 58,289 with Insight-HXMT in a broad energy band 1-150 keV. We find different behaviors of the hardness ratio, the fractional rms and time lag before and after MJD 58,257, suggesting a transition occurred around this point. The observed time lags between the soft photons in the 1-5 keV band and the hard photons in higher energy bands, up to 150 keV, are frequency-dependent: the time lags in the low-frequency range, 2-10 mHz, are both soft and hard lags with a timescale of dozens of seconds but without a clear trend along the outburst; the time lags in the high-frequency range, 1-10 Hz, are only hard lags with a timescale of tens of milliseconds; they first increase until around MJD 58,257 and decrease after this date. The high-frequency time lags are significantly correlated to the photon index derived from the fit to the quasi-simultaneous NICER spectrum in the 1-10 keV band. This result is qualitatively consistent with a model in which the high-frequency time lags are produced by Comptonization in a jet.",

keywords = "Black holes, Compact objects, Low-mass x-ray binary stars",

author = "Yanan Wang and Long Ji and S. Zhang and Mariano M{\'e}ndez and Qu, {J. L.} and Pierre Maggi and Ge, {M. Y.} and Erlin Qiao and L. Tao and S. Zhang and Diego Altamirano and L. Zhang and X. Ma and Lu, {F. J.} and Li, {T. P.} and Y. Huang and Zheng, {S. J.} and Y. Chen and Z. Chang and Tuo, {Y. L.} and C. G{\"u}ng{\"o}r and Song, {L. M.} and Xu, {Y. P.} and Cao, {X. L.} and Y. Chen and Liu, {C. Z.} and Bu, {Q. C.} and C. Cai and G. Chen and L. Chen and Chen, {T. X.} and Y. Chen and Cui, {W. W.} and Cui, {W. W.} and Deng, {J. K.} and Dong, {Y. W.} and Du, {Y. Y.} and Fu, {M. X.} and Gao, {G. H.} and H. Gao and M. Gao and Gu, {Y. D.} and J. Guan and Guo, {C. C.} and Han, {D. W.} and J. Huo and Jia, {S. M.} and Jiang, {L. H.} and Jiang, {W. C.} and J. Jin and Jin, {Y. J.} and Kong, {L. D.} and B. Li and Li, {C. K.} and G. Li and Li, {M. S.} and W. Li and Li, {X. B.} and Li, {X. B.} and Li, {X. B.} and Li, {Y. G.} and Li, {Z. W.} and Liang, {X. H.} and Liao, {J. Y.} and Liu, {G. Q.} and Liu, {H. W.} and Liu, {X. J.} and Liu, {Y. N.} and B. Lu and Lu, {X. F.} and Q. Luo and T. Luo and B. Meng and Y. Nang and Nie, {J. Y.} and G. Ou and N. Sai and Shang, {R. C.} and Song, {X. Y.} and L. Sun and Y. Tan and Wang, {G. F.} and J. Wang and Wang, {W. S.} and Wang, {Y. S.} and Wang, {Y. S.} and Wen, {X. Y.} and Wu, {B. Y.} and Wu, {B. Y.} and M. Wu and Xiao, {G. C.} and S. Xiao and Xiong, {S. L.} and Yang, {J. W.} and S. Yang and Yang, {Y. J.} and Yang, {Y. J.} and Yi, {Q. B.} and Yin, {Q. Q.} and Y. You and Zhang, {A. M.} and Zhang, {C. M.} and F. Zhang and Zhang, {H. M.} and J. Zhang and T. Zhang and W. Zhang and W. Zhang and W. Zhang and Y. Zhang and Y. Zhang and Y. Zhang and Y. Zhang and Z. Zhang and Z. Zhang and Z. Zhang and Zhao, {H. S.} and Zhao, {X. F.} and Zhou, {D. K.} and Zhou, {J. F.} and Zhuang, {R. L.} and Zhu, {Y. X.} and Zhu, {Y. X.} and Lingjun Wang",

year = "2020",

month = jun,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ab8db4",

language = "English",

volume = "896",

journal = "The Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP PUBLISHING LTD",

number = "1",

}

Wang, Y, Ji, L, Zhang, S, Méndez, M, Qu, JL, Maggi, P, Ge, MY, Qiao, E, Tao, L, Zhang, S, Altamirano, D, Zhang, L, Ma, X, Lu, FJ, Li, TP, Huang, Y, Zheng, SJ, Chen, Y, Chang, Z, Tuo, YL, Güngör, C, Song, LM, Xu, YP, Cao, XL, Chen, Y, Liu, CZ, Bu, QC, Cai, C, Chen, G, Chen, L, Chen, TX, Chen, Y, Cui, WW, Cui, WW, Deng, JK, Dong, YW, Du, YY, Fu, MX, Gao, GH, Gao, H, Gao, M, Gu, YD, Guan, J, Guo, CC, Han, DW, Huo, J, Jia, SM, Jiang, LH, Jiang, WC, Jin, J, Jin, YJ, Kong, LD, Li, B, Li, CK, Li, G, Li, MS, Li, W, Li, XB, Li, XB, Li, XB, Li, YG, Li, ZW, Liang, XH, Liao, JY, Liu, GQ, Liu, HW, Liu, XJ, Liu, YN, Lu, B, Lu, XF, Luo, Q, Luo, T, Meng, B, Nang, Y, Nie, JY, Ou, G, Sai, N, Shang, RC, Song, XY, Sun, L, Tan, Y, Wang, GF, Wang, J, Wang, WS, Wang, YS, Wang, YS, Wen, XY, Wu, BY, Wu, BY, Wu, M, Xiao, GC, Xiao, S, Xiong, SL, Yang, JW, Yang, S, Yang, YJ, Yang, YJ, Yi, QB, Yin, QQ, You, Y, Zhang, AM, Zhang, CM, Zhang, F, Zhang, HM, Zhang, J, Zhang, T, Zhang, W, Zhang, W, Zhang, W, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z, Zhang, Z, Zhang, Z, Zhao, HS, Zhao, XF, Zhou, DK, Zhou, JF, Zhuang, RL, Zhu, YX, Zhu, YX & Wang, L 2020, 'The Evolution of the Broadband Temporal Features Observed in the Black-hole Transient MAXI J1820+070 with Insight-HXMT', The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 896, no. 1, 33. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab8db4

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Evolution of the Broadband Temporal Features Observed in the Black-hole Transient MAXI J1820+070 with Insight-HXMT

AU - Wang, Yanan

AU - Ji, Long

AU - Zhang, S.

AU - Méndez, Mariano

AU - Qu, J. L.

AU - Maggi, Pierre

AU - Ge, M. Y.

AU - Qiao, Erlin

AU - Tao, L.

AU - Zhang, S.

AU - Altamirano, Diego

AU - Zhang, L.

AU - Ma, X.

AU - Lu, F. J.

AU - Li, T. P.

AU - Huang, Y.

AU - Zheng, S. J.

AU - Chen, Y.

AU - Chang, Z.

AU - Tuo, Y. L.

AU - Güngör, C.

AU - Song, L. M.

AU - Xu, Y. P.

AU - Cao, X. L.

AU - Chen, Y.

AU - Liu, C. Z.

AU - Bu, Q. C.

AU - Cai, C.

AU - Chen, G.

AU - Chen, L.

AU - Chen, T. X.

AU - Chen, Y.

AU - Cui, W. W.

AU - Deng, J. K.

AU - Dong, Y. W.

AU - Du, Y. Y.

AU - Fu, M. X.

AU - Gao, G. H.

AU - Gao, H.

AU - Gao, M.

AU - Gu, Y. D.

AU - Guan, J.

AU - Guo, C. C.

AU - Han, D. W.

AU - Huo, J.

AU - Jia, S. M.

AU - Jiang, L. H.

AU - Jiang, W. C.

AU - Jin, J.

AU - Jin, Y. J.

AU - Kong, L. D.

AU - Li, B.

AU - Li, C. K.

AU - Li, G.

AU - Li, M. S.

AU - Li, W.

AU - Li, X. B.

AU - Li, Y. G.

AU - Li, Z. W.

AU - Liang, X. H.

AU - Liao, J. Y.

AU - Liu, G. Q.

AU - Liu, H. W.

AU - Liu, X. J.

AU - Liu, Y. N.

AU - Lu, B.

AU - Lu, X. F.

AU - Luo, Q.

AU - Luo, T.

AU - Meng, B.

AU - Nang, Y.

AU - Nie, J. Y.

AU - Ou, G.

AU - Sai, N.

AU - Shang, R. C.

AU - Song, X. Y.

AU - Sun, L.

AU - Tan, Y.

AU - Wang, G. F.

AU - Wang, J.

AU - Wang, W. S.

AU - Wang, Y. S.

AU - Wen, X. Y.

AU - Wu, B. Y.

AU - Wu, M.

AU - Xiao, G. C.

AU - Xiao, S.

AU - Xiong, S. L.

AU - Yang, J. W.

AU - Yang, S.

AU - Yang, Y. J.

AU - Yi, Q. B.

AU - Yin, Q. Q.

AU - You, Y.

AU - Zhang, A. M.

AU - Zhang, C. M.

AU - Zhang, F.

AU - Zhang, H. M.

AU - Zhang, J.

AU - Zhang, T.

AU - Zhang, W.

AU - Zhang, Y.

AU - Zhang, Z.

AU - Zhao, H. S.

AU - Zhao, X. F.

AU - Zhou, D. K.

AU - Zhou, J. F.

AU - Zhuang, R. L.

AU - Zhu, Y. X.

AU - Wang, Lingjun

PY - 2020/6/1

Y1 - 2020/6/1

N2 - We study the evolution of the temporal properties of MAXI J1820+070 during the 2018 outburst in its hard state from MJD 58,190 to 58,289 with Insight-HXMT in a broad energy band 1-150 keV. We find different behaviors of the hardness ratio, the fractional rms and time lag before and after MJD 58,257, suggesting a transition occurred around this point. The observed time lags between the soft photons in the 1-5 keV band and the hard photons in higher energy bands, up to 150 keV, are frequency-dependent: the time lags in the low-frequency range, 2-10 mHz, are both soft and hard lags with a timescale of dozens of seconds but without a clear trend along the outburst; the time lags in the high-frequency range, 1-10 Hz, are only hard lags with a timescale of tens of milliseconds; they first increase until around MJD 58,257 and decrease after this date. The high-frequency time lags are significantly correlated to the photon index derived from the fit to the quasi-simultaneous NICER spectrum in the 1-10 keV band. This result is qualitatively consistent with a model in which the high-frequency time lags are produced by Comptonization in a jet.

AB - We study the evolution of the temporal properties of MAXI J1820+070 during the 2018 outburst in its hard state from MJD 58,190 to 58,289 with Insight-HXMT in a broad energy band 1-150 keV. We find different behaviors of the hardness ratio, the fractional rms and time lag before and after MJD 58,257, suggesting a transition occurred around this point. The observed time lags between the soft photons in the 1-5 keV band and the hard photons in higher energy bands, up to 150 keV, are frequency-dependent: the time lags in the low-frequency range, 2-10 mHz, are both soft and hard lags with a timescale of dozens of seconds but without a clear trend along the outburst; the time lags in the high-frequency range, 1-10 Hz, are only hard lags with a timescale of tens of milliseconds; they first increase until around MJD 58,257 and decrease after this date. The high-frequency time lags are significantly correlated to the photon index derived from the fit to the quasi-simultaneous NICER spectrum in the 1-10 keV band. This result is qualitatively consistent with a model in which the high-frequency time lags are produced by Comptonization in a jet.

KW - Black holes

KW - Compact objects

KW - Low-mass x-ray binary stars

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ab8db4

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ab8db4

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 896

JO - The Astrophysical Journal

JF - The Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 33

ER -

The Evolution of the Broadband Temporal Features Observed in the Black-hole Transient MAXI J1820+070 with Insight-HXMT

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