TY - JOUR
T1 - The impact of aerobic and resistance training intensity on markers of neuroplasticity in health and disease
AU - Hortobágyi, Tibor
AU - Vetrovsky, Tomas
AU - Balbim, Guilherme Moraes
AU - Sorte Silva, Nárlon Cássio Boa
AU - Manca, Andrea
AU - Deriu, Franca
AU - Kolmos, Mia
AU - Kruuse, Christina
AU - Liu-Ambrose, Teresa
AU - Radák, Zsolt
AU - Váczi, Márk
AU - Johansson, Hanna
AU - Rocha dos Santos, Paulo Cezar
AU - Franzén, Erika
AU - Granacher, Urs
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the authors of original manuscripts for providing the requested data. We thank librarians Sabina Gillsund and Narcisa Hannerz at the Karolinska Institutet Library for their help with literature searches. TH is supported by the Deltaplan Dementie (ZonMW: Memorabel 733050303) and by a Heathy Ageing seed grant (CDO17.0023–2017-2–316) from the University Medical Center Groningen. TV is supported by the Cooperatio Program, research area Sport Sciences – Biomedical & Rehabilitation Medicine. FD is supported by the Italian Foundation for Multiple Sclerosis (FISM 2020_R-Single_028). AM is supported by the Italian Foundation for Multiple Sclerosis (FISM 2018_R-9). NCBSS is a post-doctoral fellow jointly funded by the Michael Smith Health Research BC, the Pacific Alzheimer Research Foundation, and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. GMB is a post-doctoral fellow jointly funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and Michael Smith Health Research BC. TLA is a Canada Research Chair (Tier 2) in Physical Activity, Mobility, and Cognitive Health. The present scientific contribution is dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the foundation of the Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs.
Funding Information:
We thank the authors of original manuscripts for providing the requested data. We thank librarians Sabina Gillsund and Narcisa Hannerz at the Karolinska Institutet Library for their help with literature searches. TH is supported by the Deltaplan Dementie (ZonMW: Memorabel 733050303 ) and by a Heathy Ageing seed grant ( CDO17.0023–2017-2–316 ) from the University Medical Center Groningen . TV is supported by the Cooperatio Program, research area Sport Sciences – Biomedical & Rehabilitation Medicine . FD is supported by the Italian Foundation for Multiple Sclerosis ( FISM 2020_R-Single_028 ). AM is supported by the Italian Foundation for Multiple Sclerosis ( FISM 2018_R-9 ). NCBSS is a post-doctoral fellow jointly funded by the Michael Smith Health Research BC , the Pacific Alzheimer Research Foundation , and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research . GMB is a post-doctoral fellow jointly funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and Michael Smith Health Research BC. TLA is a Canada Research Chair (Tier 2) in Physical Activity, Mobility, and Cognitive Health. The present scientific contribution is dedicated to the 75th anniversary of the foundation of the Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/9
Y1 - 2022/9
N2 - Objective: To determine the effects of low- vs. high-intensity aerobic and resistance training on motor and cognitive function, brain activation, brain structure, and neurochemical markers of neuroplasticity and the association thereof in healthy young and older adults and in patients with multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and stroke.Design: Systematic review and robust variance estimation meta-analysis with meta-regression.Data sources: Systematic search of MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases.Results: Fifty studies with 60 intervention arms and 2283 in-analyses participants were included. Due to the low number of studies, the three patient groups were combined and analyzed as a single group. Overall, low- (g=0.19, p = 0.024) and high-intensity exercise (g=0.40, p = 0.001) improved neuroplasticity. Exercise intensity scaled with neuroplasticity only in healthy young adults but not in healthy older adults or patient groups. Exercise-induced improvements in neuroplasticity were associated with changes in motor but not cognitive outcomes.Conclusion: Exercise intensity is an important variable to dose and individualize the exercise stimulus for healthy young individuals but not necessarily for healthy older adults and neurological patients. This conclusion warrants caution because studies are needed that directly compare the effects of low- vs. high-intensity exercise on neuroplasticity to determine if such changes are mechanistically and incrementally linked to improved cognition and motor function.
AB - Objective: To determine the effects of low- vs. high-intensity aerobic and resistance training on motor and cognitive function, brain activation, brain structure, and neurochemical markers of neuroplasticity and the association thereof in healthy young and older adults and in patients with multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and stroke.Design: Systematic review and robust variance estimation meta-analysis with meta-regression.Data sources: Systematic search of MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases.Results: Fifty studies with 60 intervention arms and 2283 in-analyses participants were included. Due to the low number of studies, the three patient groups were combined and analyzed as a single group. Overall, low- (g=0.19, p = 0.024) and high-intensity exercise (g=0.40, p = 0.001) improved neuroplasticity. Exercise intensity scaled with neuroplasticity only in healthy young adults but not in healthy older adults or patient groups. Exercise-induced improvements in neuroplasticity were associated with changes in motor but not cognitive outcomes.Conclusion: Exercise intensity is an important variable to dose and individualize the exercise stimulus for healthy young individuals but not necessarily for healthy older adults and neurological patients. This conclusion warrants caution because studies are needed that directly compare the effects of low- vs. high-intensity exercise on neuroplasticity to determine if such changes are mechanistically and incrementally linked to improved cognition and motor function.
KW - Aging
KW - Cognition motor function
KW - Exercise
KW - Intensity Dose-response relationship
U2 - 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101698
DO - 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101698
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35853549
AN - SCOPUS:85134714217
SN - 1568-1637
VL - 80
JO - Ageing Research Reviews
JF - Ageing Research Reviews
M1 - 101698
ER -