Abstract
Pectins have anti-inflammatory effects via Toll-like receptor (TLR) inhibition in a degree of methyl-esterification-(DM)-dependent manner. However, pectins also vary in distribution of methyl-esters over the galactumnic-acid (GalA) backbone (Degree of Blockiness - DB) and impact of this on anti-inflammatory capacity is unknown. Pectins mainly inhibit TLR2-1 but magnitude depends on both DM and DB. Low DM pectins (DM18/19) with both low (DB86) and high DB (DB94) strongly inhibit TLR2-1. However, pectins with intermediate DM (DM43/ DM49) and high DB (DB60), but not with low DB (DB33), inhibit TLR2-1 as strongly as low DM. High DM pectins (DM84/88) with DB71 and DB91 do not inhibit TLR2-1 strongly. Pectin-binding to TLR2 was confirmed by capture-ELISA. In human macrophages, low DM and intermediate DM pectins with high DB inhibited TLR2-1 induced IL-6 secretion. Both high number and blockwise distribution of non-esterified GalA in pectins are responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of TLR2-1.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 117093 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Carbohydrate Polymers |
| Volume | 251 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1-Jan-2021 |
Keywords
- Pectin
- Toll-like receptor 2
- Degree of methyl-esterification
- Degree of blockiness
- TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR
- CITRUS PECTIN
- DIETARY FIBER
- CELL
- IL-6
- POLYSACCHARIDES
- ESTERIFICATION
- SUPPRESSION
- ACTIVATION
- MICROBIOTA