The Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey. II. New Insights into LyC Diagnostics

Sophia R. Flury; Anne E. Jaskot; Harry C. Ferguson; Gábor Worseck; Kirill Makan; John Chisholm; Alberto Saldana-Lopez; Daniel Schaerer; Stephan R. McCandliss; Xinfeng Xu; Bingjie Wang; M. S. Oey; N. M. Ford; Timothy Heckman; Zhiyuan Ji; Mauro Giavalisco; Ricardo Amorín; Hakim Atek; Jeremy Blaizot; Sanchayeeta Borthakur; Cody Carr; Marco Castellano; Stephane De Barros; Mark Dickinson; Steven L. Finkelstein; Brian Fleming; Fabio Fontanot; Thibault Garel; Andrea Grazian; Matthew Hayes; Alaina Henry; Valentin Mauerhofer; Genoveva Micheva; Goran Ostlin; Casey Papovich; Laura Pentericci; Swara Ravindranath; Joakim Rosdahl; Michael Rutkowski; Paola Santini; Claudia Scarlata; Harry Teplitz; Trinh Thuan; Maxime Trebitsch; Eros Vanzella; Anne Verhamme

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac61e4

The Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey. II. New Insights into LyC Diagnostics

Sophia R. Flury^*, Anne E. Jaskot, Harry C. Ferguson, Gábor Worseck, Kirill Makan, John Chisholm, Alberto Saldana-Lopez, Daniel Schaerer, Stephan R. McCandliss, Xinfeng Xu, Bingjie Wang, M. S. Oey, N. M. Ford, Timothy Heckman, Zhiyuan Ji, Mauro Giavalisco, Ricardo Amorín, Hakim Atek, Jeremy Blaizot, Sanchayeeta BorthakurCody Carr, Marco Castellano, Stephane De Barros, Mark Dickinson, Steven L. Finkelstein, Brian Fleming, Fabio Fontanot, Thibault Garel, Andrea Grazian, Matthew Hayes, Alaina Henry, Valentin Mauerhofer, Genoveva Micheva, Goran Ostlin, Casey Papovich, Laura Pentericci, Swara Ravindranath, Joakim Rosdahl, Michael Rutkowski, Paola Santini, Claudia Scarlata, Harry Teplitz, Trinh Thuan, Maxime Trebitsch, Eros Vanzella, Anne Verhamme

^*Corresponding author for this work

Astronomy

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Abstract

The Lyman continuum (LyC) cannot be observed at the epoch of reionization (z ≈ 6) owing to intergalactic H i absorption. To identify LyC emitters (LCEs) and infer the fraction of escaping LyC, astronomers have developed various indirect diagnostics of LyC escape. Using measurements of the LyC from the Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey (LzLCS), we present the first statistical test of these diagnostics. While optical depth indicators based on Lyα, such as peak velocity separation and equivalent width, perform well, we also find that other diagnostics, such as the [O iii]/[O ii] flux ratio and star formation rate surface density, predict whether a galaxy is an LCE. The relationship between these galaxy properties and the fraction of escaping LyC flux suggests that LyC escape depends strongly on H i column density, ionization parameter, and stellar feedback. We find that LCEs occupy a range of stellar masses, metallicities, star formation histories, and ionization parameters, which may indicate episodic and/or different physical causes of LyC escape.

Original language	English
Article number	126
Number of pages	21
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	930
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac61e4
Publication status	Published - 10-May-2022

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Flury, S. R., Jaskot, A. E., Ferguson, H. C., Worseck, G., Makan, K., Chisholm, J., Saldana-Lopez, A., Schaerer, D., McCandliss, S. R., Xu, X., Wang, B., Oey, M. S., Ford, N. M., Heckman, T., Ji, Z., Giavalisco, M., Amorín, R., Atek, H., Blaizot, J., ... Verhamme, A. (2022). The Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey. II. New Insights into LyC Diagnostics. Astrophysical Journal, 930(2), Article 126. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac61e4

@article{58ab9cc801ce4ca198a3fdc6f2822077,

title = "The Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey. II. New Insights into LyC Diagnostics",

abstract = "The Lyman continuum (LyC) cannot be observed at the epoch of reionization (z ≈ 6) owing to intergalactic H i absorption. To identify LyC emitters (LCEs) and infer the fraction of escaping LyC, astronomers have developed various indirect diagnostics of LyC escape. Using measurements of the LyC from the Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey (LzLCS), we present the first statistical test of these diagnostics. While optical depth indicators based on Lyα, such as peak velocity separation and equivalent width, perform well, we also find that other diagnostics, such as the [O iii]/[O ii] flux ratio and star formation rate surface density, predict whether a galaxy is an LCE. The relationship between these galaxy properties and the fraction of escaping LyC flux suggests that LyC escape depends strongly on H i column density, ionization parameter, and stellar feedback. We find that LCEs occupy a range of stellar masses, metallicities, star formation histories, and ionization parameters, which may indicate episodic and/or different physical causes of LyC escape.",

author = "Flury, {Sophia R.} and Jaskot, {Anne E.} and Ferguson, {Harry C.} and G{\'a}bor Worseck and Kirill Makan and John Chisholm and Alberto Saldana-Lopez and Daniel Schaerer and McCandliss, {Stephan R.} and Xinfeng Xu and Bingjie Wang and Oey, {M. S.} and Ford, {N. M.} and Timothy Heckman and Zhiyuan Ji and Mauro Giavalisco and Ricardo Amor{\'i}n and Hakim Atek and Jeremy Blaizot and Sanchayeeta Borthakur and Cody Carr and Marco Castellano and Barros, {Stephane De} and Mark Dickinson and Finkelstein, {Steven L.} and Brian Fleming and Fabio Fontanot and Thibault Garel and Andrea Grazian and Matthew Hayes and Alaina Henry and Valentin Mauerhofer and Genoveva Micheva and Goran Ostlin and Casey Papovich and Laura Pentericci and Swara Ravindranath and Joakim Rosdahl and Michael Rutkowski and Paola Santini and Claudia Scarlata and Harry Teplitz and Trinh Thuan and Maxime Trebitsch and Eros Vanzella and Anne Verhamme",

note = "Funding Information: Support for this work was provided by NASA through grant No. HST-GO-15626 from the Space Telescope Science Institute. Additional work was based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute from HST proposals 13744, 14635, 15341, and 15639. STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. Funding Information: R.A. acknowledges support from ANID Fondecyt Regular 1202007. Funding Information: Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS website is www.sdss.org . SDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2022",

month = may,

day = "10",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ac61e4",

language = "English",

volume = "930",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP PUBLISHING LTD",

number = "2",

}

Flury, SR, Jaskot, AE, Ferguson, HC, Worseck, G, Makan, K, Chisholm, J, Saldana-Lopez, A, Schaerer, D, McCandliss, SR, Xu, X, Wang, B, Oey, MS, Ford, NM, Heckman, T, Ji, Z, Giavalisco, M, Amorín, R, Atek, H, Blaizot, J, Borthakur, S, Carr, C, Castellano, M, Barros, SD, Dickinson, M, Finkelstein, SL, Fleming, B, Fontanot, F, Garel, T, Grazian, A, Hayes, M, Henry, A, Mauerhofer, V, Micheva, G, Ostlin, G, Papovich, C, Pentericci, L, Ravindranath, S, Rosdahl, J, Rutkowski, M, Santini, P, Scarlata, C, Teplitz, H, Thuan, T, Trebitsch, M, Vanzella, E & Verhamme, A 2022, 'The Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey. II. New Insights into LyC Diagnostics', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 930, no. 2, 126. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac61e4

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey. II. New Insights into LyC Diagnostics

AU - Flury, Sophia R.

AU - Jaskot, Anne E.

AU - Ferguson, Harry C.

AU - Worseck, Gábor

AU - Makan, Kirill

AU - Chisholm, John

AU - Saldana-Lopez, Alberto

AU - Schaerer, Daniel

AU - McCandliss, Stephan R.

AU - Xu, Xinfeng

AU - Wang, Bingjie

AU - Oey, M. S.

AU - Ford, N. M.

AU - Heckman, Timothy

AU - Ji, Zhiyuan

AU - Giavalisco, Mauro

AU - Amorín, Ricardo

AU - Atek, Hakim

AU - Blaizot, Jeremy

AU - Borthakur, Sanchayeeta

AU - Carr, Cody

AU - Castellano, Marco

AU - Barros, Stephane De

AU - Dickinson, Mark

AU - Finkelstein, Steven L.

AU - Fleming, Brian

AU - Fontanot, Fabio

AU - Garel, Thibault

AU - Grazian, Andrea

AU - Hayes, Matthew

AU - Henry, Alaina

AU - Mauerhofer, Valentin

AU - Micheva, Genoveva

AU - Ostlin, Goran

AU - Papovich, Casey

AU - Pentericci, Laura

AU - Ravindranath, Swara

AU - Rosdahl, Joakim

AU - Rutkowski, Michael

AU - Santini, Paola

AU - Scarlata, Claudia

AU - Teplitz, Harry

AU - Thuan, Trinh

AU - Trebitsch, Maxime

AU - Vanzella, Eros

AU - Verhamme, Anne

N1 - Funding Information: Support for this work was provided by NASA through grant No. HST-GO-15626 from the Space Telescope Science Institute. Additional work was based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute from HST proposals 13744, 14635, 15341, and 15639. STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. Funding Information: R.A. acknowledges support from ANID Fondecyt Regular 1202007. Funding Information: Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS website is www.sdss.org . SDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration. Publisher Copyright: © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

PY - 2022/5/10

Y1 - 2022/5/10

N2 - The Lyman continuum (LyC) cannot be observed at the epoch of reionization (z ≈ 6) owing to intergalactic H i absorption. To identify LyC emitters (LCEs) and infer the fraction of escaping LyC, astronomers have developed various indirect diagnostics of LyC escape. Using measurements of the LyC from the Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey (LzLCS), we present the first statistical test of these diagnostics. While optical depth indicators based on Lyα, such as peak velocity separation and equivalent width, perform well, we also find that other diagnostics, such as the [O iii]/[O ii] flux ratio and star formation rate surface density, predict whether a galaxy is an LCE. The relationship between these galaxy properties and the fraction of escaping LyC flux suggests that LyC escape depends strongly on H i column density, ionization parameter, and stellar feedback. We find that LCEs occupy a range of stellar masses, metallicities, star formation histories, and ionization parameters, which may indicate episodic and/or different physical causes of LyC escape.

AB - The Lyman continuum (LyC) cannot be observed at the epoch of reionization (z ≈ 6) owing to intergalactic H i absorption. To identify LyC emitters (LCEs) and infer the fraction of escaping LyC, astronomers have developed various indirect diagnostics of LyC escape. Using measurements of the LyC from the Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey (LzLCS), we present the first statistical test of these diagnostics. While optical depth indicators based on Lyα, such as peak velocity separation and equivalent width, perform well, we also find that other diagnostics, such as the [O iii]/[O ii] flux ratio and star formation rate surface density, predict whether a galaxy is an LCE. The relationship between these galaxy properties and the fraction of escaping LyC flux suggests that LyC escape depends strongly on H i column density, ionization parameter, and stellar feedback. We find that LCEs occupy a range of stellar masses, metallicities, star formation histories, and ionization parameters, which may indicate episodic and/or different physical causes of LyC escape.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85130465381&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac61e4

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac61e4

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85130465381

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 930

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 126

ER -

The Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey. II. New Insights into LyC Diagnostics

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