TY - JOUR
T1 - The reduction of astrocytes and brain volume loss in anorexia nervosa
T2 - The impact of starvation and refeeding in a rodent model
AU - Frintrop, Linda
AU - Trinh, Stefanie
AU - Liesbrock, Johanna
AU - Leunissen, Christina
AU - Kempermann, Julia
AU - Etdöger, Serhat
AU - Kas, Martien J.
AU - Tolba, René
AU - Heussen, Nicole
AU - Neulen, Joseph
AU - Konrad, Kerstin
AU - Päfgen, Vera
AU - Kiessling, Fabian
AU - Herpertz-Dahlmann, Beate
AU - Beyer, Cordian
AU - Seitz, Jochen
PY - 2019/6/4
Y1 - 2019/6/4
N2 - Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an often chronic, difficult to treat illness that leads to brain volume reductions in gray and white matter. The underlying pathophysiology is poorly understood, despite its potential importance in explaining the neuropsychological deficits and clinical symptoms associated with the illness. We used the activity-based anorexia model (ABA), which includes food reduction and running wheel access in female rats to study brain changes after starvation and refeeding. Longitudinal animal MRI and post-mortem brain sections confirmed a reduction in the mean brain volumes of ABA animals compared to controls. In addition, the mean number of astrocytes was reduced by over 50% in the cerebral cortex and corpus callosum, while the mean number of neurons was unchanged. Furthermore, mean astrocytic GFAP mRNA expression was similarly reduced in the ABA animals, as was the mean cell proliferation rate, whereas the mean apoptosis rate did not increase. After refeeding, the starvation-induced effects were almost completely reversed. The observation of the astrocyte reduction in our AN animal model is an important new finding that could help explain starvation-induced neuropsychological changes in patients with AN. Astrocyte-targeted research and interventions could become a new focus for both AN research and therapy.
AB - Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an often chronic, difficult to treat illness that leads to brain volume reductions in gray and white matter. The underlying pathophysiology is poorly understood, despite its potential importance in explaining the neuropsychological deficits and clinical symptoms associated with the illness. We used the activity-based anorexia model (ABA), which includes food reduction and running wheel access in female rats to study brain changes after starvation and refeeding. Longitudinal animal MRI and post-mortem brain sections confirmed a reduction in the mean brain volumes of ABA animals compared to controls. In addition, the mean number of astrocytes was reduced by over 50% in the cerebral cortex and corpus callosum, while the mean number of neurons was unchanged. Furthermore, mean astrocytic GFAP mRNA expression was similarly reduced in the ABA animals, as was the mean cell proliferation rate, whereas the mean apoptosis rate did not increase. After refeeding, the starvation-induced effects were almost completely reversed. The observation of the astrocyte reduction in our AN animal model is an important new finding that could help explain starvation-induced neuropsychological changes in patients with AN. Astrocyte-targeted research and interventions could become a new focus for both AN research and therapy.
KW - WEIGHT-RECOVERED PATIENTS
KW - EATING-DISORDERS
KW - MORPHOLOGICAL-CHANGES
KW - ADOLESCENT
KW - NEURONS
KW - ILLNESS
KW - MARKERS
KW - FOCUS
KW - RISK
KW - RAT
U2 - 10.1038/s41398-019-0493-7
DO - 10.1038/s41398-019-0493-7
M3 - Article
C2 - 31164627
SN - 2158-3188
VL - 9
JO - Translational Psychiatry
JF - Translational Psychiatry
IS - 1
M1 - 159
ER -