The role of extracellular matrix hydrogels and adipose-derived stromal cells in soft tissue vascularization - A systematic review

Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogels loaded with adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC) or their conditioned medium (ASC CM) present a promising and versatile treatment approach for tissue vascularization and regeneration. These hydrogels are easy to produce, store, personalize, manipulate, and deliver to the target tissue. This literature review aimed to investigate the applications of dECM hydrogels with ASC or ASC CM for in vivo tissue vascularization. Fourteen experimental studies have been reviewed using vessel density as the primary outcome parameter for in vivo vascularization. The studies consistently reported an increased efficacy in augmenting angiogenesis by the ASC or ASC CM-loaded hydrogels compared to untreated controls. However, this systematic review shows the need to standardize procedures and characterization, particularly of the final administered product(s). The findings from these experimental studies highlight the potential of dECM hydrogel with ASC or ASC CM in novel tissue regeneration and regenerative medicine applications.