The rubber hand universe: On the impact of methodological differences in the rubber hand illusion

Martin Riemer*, Joerg Trojan, Marta Beauchamp, Xaver Fuchs

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

97 Citations (Scopus)
953 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is a widely applied paradigm to investigate changes in body representations. Extensive scientific interest has produced a great variability in the observed results and many contradictory findings have been reported. Taking into account the numerous variations in the experimental implementation of the RHI, many of these contradictive findings can be reconciled, but to date a thorough analysis of the methodological differences between RHI studies is lacking.

Here we summarize and analyse methodological differences between RHI studies. In distinction from other reviews focusing on the integration of findings from various studies, the present paper is devoted to the differences in (i) the experimental setup, (ii) the method used to induce the RHI, (iii) the quantification of its effects, and (iv) aspects of the experimental design and data analysis. This approach will provide a reference frame for the interpretation of previous studies as well as for the design of future studies.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)268-280
Number of pages13
JournalNeuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
Volume104
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Sept-2019

Keywords

  • Rubber hand illusion
  • Body representation
  • Body ownership
  • Proprioceptive drift
  • Embodiment
  • BODY OWNERSHIP
  • VIRTUAL HAND
  • REAL HAND
  • MULTISENSORY INTEGRATION
  • PERCEIVED OWNERSHIP
  • ILLUSORY OWNERSHIP
  • VISUAL-PERCEPTION
  • PREMOTOR CORTEX
  • LIMB OWNERSHIP
  • POSITION SENSE

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