Thickness dependence of the efficiency of polymer: fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells

We study the thickness dependence of the performance of bulk heterojunction solar cells based on poly[2-methoxy-5-(3('),7(')-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] as electron donor and [6,6]-phenyl C-61 butyric acid methyl ester as electron acceptor. Typically, these devices have an active layer thickness of 100 nm at which only 60% of the incoming light is absorbed. Increasing device thickness results in a lower overall power conversion efficiency, mainly due to a lowering of the fill factor. We demonstrate that the decrease in fill factor and hence device efficiency is due to a combination of charge recombination and space-charge effects.