Three-dimensional planning in maxillofacial reconstruction of large defects using cone beam computed tomography

This chapter shows the complete cone beam computed tomogram (CBCT)-based virtual workflow of fully digitally planned primary and secondary reconstructions of maxillofacial defects with osseous flaps and implant-retained prosthetic reconstructions. The 3D virtual planning of the technique of prefabrication is described. Secondary reconstruction of maxilla-mandibular defects using prefabricated bone grafts always implies that the patient must be willing to undergo at least two surgical procedures. The chapter explains some benefits of using prefabricated bone grafts instead of bone grafts without preplanning of the graft position. The skin graft provides an excellent thin covering around the implants of the fibula bone, as in large maxillofacial defects there is usually not only a bony defect but also a lack of soft tissue. 3D virtual planning provides an essential, powerful tool for complex reconstructions of maxillofacial defects.