Touching the High Complexity of Prebiotic Vivinal Galacto-oligosaccharides Using Porous Graphitic Carbon Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry

Madelon J Logtenberg, Kristel M H Donners, Jolien C M Vink, Sander S van Leeuwen, Pieter de Waard, Paul de Vos, Henk A Schols*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

31 Citations (Scopus)
172 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are used in infant formula to replace the health effects of human milk oligosaccharides, which appear to be dependent upon the structure of the individual oligosaccharides present. However, a comprehensive overview of the structure-specific effects is still limited as a result of the high structural complexity of GOS. In this study, porous graphitic carbon (PGC) was used as the stationary phase during ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). This approach resulted in the recognition of more than 100 different GOS structures in one single run, including reducing and non-reducing GOS isomers. Using nuclear magnetic resonance-validated structures of GOS trisaccharides, we discovered MS fragmentation rules to distinguish reducing isomers with a mono- and disubstituted terminal glucose by UHPLC-PGC-MS. UHPLC-PGC-MS enabled effective recognition of structural features of individual GOS components in complex GOS preparations and during, e.g., biological conversion reactions. Hence, this study lays the groundwork for future research into structure-specific health effects of GOS.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)7800-7808
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Volume68
Issue number29
Early online date17-Jun-2020
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 22-Jul-2020

Keywords

  • galacto-oligosaccharides
  • preparative chromatography
  • tandem mass spectrometry
  • porous graphitic carbon
  • liquid chromatography
  • HUMAN-MILK OLIGOSACCHARIDES
  • BACILLUS-CIRCULANS
  • BETA-GALACTOSIDASE
  • GOS
  • FERMENTATION
  • MICROBIOTA

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