Complete mitochondrial genomes of the three brown algae (Heterokonta: Phaeophyceae) Dictyota dichotoma, Fucus vesiculosus and Desmarestia viridis

We report the complete mitochondrial sequences of three brown algae (Dictyota dichotoma, Fucus vesiculosus and Desmarestia viridis) belonging to three phaeophycean lineages. They have circular mapping organization and contain almost the same set of mitochondrial genes, despite their size differences (31,617, 36,392 and 39,049 bp, respectively). These include the genes for three rRNAs (23S, 16S and 5S), 25-26 tRNAs, 35 known mitochondrial proteins and 3-4 ORFs. This gene set complements two previously studied brown algal mtDNAs, Pylaiella littoralis and Laminaria digitata. Exceptions to the very similar overall organization include the displacement of orfs, tRNA genes and four protein-coding genes found at different locations in the D. dichotoma mitochondrial genome. We present a phylogenetic analysis based on ten concatenated genes (7,479 nucleotides) and 29 taxa. Stramenopiles were always monophyletic with heterotrophic species at the base. Results support both multiple primary and multiple secondary acquisitions of plastids.