Innate and adaptive immune effects of chicory root dietary fibers

Leonie Vogt

Innate and adaptive immune effects of chicory root dietary fibers

Leonie Vogt

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Samenvatting

Metadatastudies bevestigen dat voedingsvezels het risico op verschillende ziekten verminderen en een gunstig kunnen zijn voor het immuunsysteem. Omdat ze verschillende structuren hebben, zijn er verschillen in de werking van deze vezels. Inuline-type fructanen (ITFs) zijn veelvoorkomende vezels in cichoreiwortel en zijn gebruikt om labtechnieken te onwikkelen, waarmee de effecten van cichoreivezels op het immuunsysteem en de darmbarrière in kaart kunnen worden gebracht.
Wij hebben ontdekt dat immuuncellen bij contact met korte keten ITFs, een ‘OK-signaal’ afgeven, zodat immuunreacties geremd worden. Bij contact met lange keten ITFs gaven de immuuncellen juist ‘alarmsignalen’ af, waardoor activatie van het immuunsysteem in het lichaam kan optreden. Dit werd bevestigd in een humane studie in jongvolwassenen, waarin extra vezelinname de reactie op een hepatitis B vaccinatie remde (korte ketens) of juist stimuleerde (lange ketens). Hepatitis B vaccinatie is een veilige en gecontroleerde manier om het effect van voedingsvezels op het immuunsysteem te bestuderen.
Het type receptoren op de immuuncellen waar de vezels door herkend worden, komen ook voor op de darmwand, het epitheel. Deze receptoren reguleren de darmbarrière, zodat de darminhoud niet naar omliggende weefsels kan lekken. Door darmepitheelcellen te stimuleren met korte keten ITFs werd de barrièrefunctie beschermd tegen de schadelijke invloed van een ontsteking opwekkende chemische stof, maar dit effect was afwezig bij lange keten ITFs.
Cellulose en pectine zijn de hoofdbestanddelen van het restproduct cichoreiwortelpulp, en door deze vezels te bestuderen met dezelfde technieken, is gebleken dat ook deze vezels veelbelovende ingrediënten zijn om te gebruiken in gezondheids-bevorderende voedingsproducten.

Originele taal-2	English
Kwalificatie	Doctor of Philosophy
Toekennende instantie	Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
Begeleider(s)/adviseur	de Vos, Paul, Supervisor Faas, Marijke, Co-supervisor
Datum van toekenning	12-okt.-2015
Plaats van publicatie	[Groningen]
Uitgever	University of Groningen
Gedrukte ISBN's	978-90-367-8174-9
Elektronische ISBN's	978-90-367-8173-2
Status	Published - 2015

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Title_and_contents_Final publisher's version, 376 KB
Chapter_1_Final publisher's version, 1,71 MB
Chapter_2_Final publisher's version, 1,14 MB
Chapter_3_Final publisher's version, 812 KB
Chapter_4_Final publisher's version, 1,44 MB
Chapter_5_Final publisher's version, 768 KB
Chapter_6_Final publisher's version, 2,15 MB
Chapter_7_Final publisher's version, 471 KB
Chapter_8_Final publisher's version, 294 KB
Nederlandse_samenvatting_Final publisher's version, 296 KB
Dankwoord_Final publisher's version, 193 KB
Appendices_Final publisher's version, 275 KB
Complete_dissertationFinal publisher's version, 5,85 MB
PropositionsFinal publisher's version, 261 KB

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title = "Innate and adaptive immune effects of chicory root dietary fibers",

abstract = "Metadata studies show that dietary fibers prevent the risk of several diseases and can benefit the immune system. Because they have different structures, not all fibers are alike in their function. Inulin-type fructans (ITFs), the main fiber type in chicory root, were used as model fibers to develop the lab technology for further studies to canvass the beneficial effects of chicory root fibers for the immune system and the gut barrier. We discovered that, upon contact with short chain ITFs, immune cells give off an {\textquoteleft}OK{\textquoteright} signal, thus inhibiting further immune reactions, but long chain ITFs induced {\textquoteleft}alarm{\textquoteright} signals, thereby capable of further activating the immune system in the body. These differences were confirmed in a human study in young adults, which showed that extra fiber intake inhibited (short chains) or boosted (long chains) the response to hepatitis B vaccination, a safe and controlled way to monitor an immune reaction. The same receptors for these fibers as identified on the immune cells, are present on the lining of the gut wall, the epithelium. These receptors are known to regulate the barrier function of the gut, to prevent gut content from leaking to surrounding tissues. Stimulation of gut epithelial cells with short chain-, but not long chain ITFs, prevented the barrier from weakening when exposed to an inflammatory chemical.As major byproduct components of chicory root pulp, cellulose and pectins were studied for the same features, and these byproducts were found to be additional promising ingredients for human health promoting foods.",

author = "Leonie Vogt",

year = "2015",

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AU - Vogt, Leonie

PY - 2015

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N2 - Metadata studies show that dietary fibers prevent the risk of several diseases and can benefit the immune system. Because they have different structures, not all fibers are alike in their function. Inulin-type fructans (ITFs), the main fiber type in chicory root, were used as model fibers to develop the lab technology for further studies to canvass the beneficial effects of chicory root fibers for the immune system and the gut barrier. We discovered that, upon contact with short chain ITFs, immune cells give off an ‘OK’ signal, thus inhibiting further immune reactions, but long chain ITFs induced ‘alarm’ signals, thereby capable of further activating the immune system in the body. These differences were confirmed in a human study in young adults, which showed that extra fiber intake inhibited (short chains) or boosted (long chains) the response to hepatitis B vaccination, a safe and controlled way to monitor an immune reaction. The same receptors for these fibers as identified on the immune cells, are present on the lining of the gut wall, the epithelium. These receptors are known to regulate the barrier function of the gut, to prevent gut content from leaking to surrounding tissues. Stimulation of gut epithelial cells with short chain-, but not long chain ITFs, prevented the barrier from weakening when exposed to an inflammatory chemical.As major byproduct components of chicory root pulp, cellulose and pectins were studied for the same features, and these byproducts were found to be additional promising ingredients for human health promoting foods.

AB - Metadata studies show that dietary fibers prevent the risk of several diseases and can benefit the immune system. Because they have different structures, not all fibers are alike in their function. Inulin-type fructans (ITFs), the main fiber type in chicory root, were used as model fibers to develop the lab technology for further studies to canvass the beneficial effects of chicory root fibers for the immune system and the gut barrier. We discovered that, upon contact with short chain ITFs, immune cells give off an ‘OK’ signal, thus inhibiting further immune reactions, but long chain ITFs induced ‘alarm’ signals, thereby capable of further activating the immune system in the body. These differences were confirmed in a human study in young adults, which showed that extra fiber intake inhibited (short chains) or boosted (long chains) the response to hepatitis B vaccination, a safe and controlled way to monitor an immune reaction. The same receptors for these fibers as identified on the immune cells, are present on the lining of the gut wall, the epithelium. These receptors are known to regulate the barrier function of the gut, to prevent gut content from leaking to surrounding tissues. Stimulation of gut epithelial cells with short chain-, but not long chain ITFs, prevented the barrier from weakening when exposed to an inflammatory chemical.As major byproduct components of chicory root pulp, cellulose and pectins were studied for the same features, and these byproducts were found to be additional promising ingredients for human health promoting foods.

M3 - Thesis fully internal (DIV)

SN - 978-90-367-8174-9

PB - University of Groningen

CY - [Groningen]

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