Maternal choline supplementation during pregnancy to promote mental health in offspring

Aim: There is increasing interest in the role of choline in brain development, including its possible role in promoting mental health and preventing mental illness. Choline is an essential micronutrient in fetal brain maturation. In more than 90% of pregnant women, choline intake has been found to be lower than the daily-recommended dose. The aim of this article is to review what is known about the effects of maternal choline supplementation on fetal brain development, early child development and mental health. Methods: A narrative review of the literature. Results: A limited number of studies suggest that maternal choline supplementation during pregnancy may enhance fetal brain development and improve early signs and symptoms that may predispose to mental illness. Conclusion: The general low maternal choline intake during pregnancy, expected health benefits and low risks, make a plea for maternal choline supplementation to promote mental health. Choline supplementation may be especially important for pregnant women with a (family) history of severe mental illness and/or alcohol dependence.