Recent insights in the potential role of imaging modalities for diagnosing patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome

Within the last year, interesting developments regarding the assessment of salivary gland involvement in patients with clinical suspicion of, or diagnosed with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) have been performed. In this review various topics will be discussed, starting with the use of salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) for the detection of glandular swelling. Furthermore, other imaging modalities, besides B-mode SGUS, which differentiate between pSS patients and healthy controls will be highlighted. Moreover, storage of ultrasonographic images and videos will be discussed briefly, as will be some potential biases and pitfalls. Finally, efforts that have been made to make incorporation of SGUS into the most recent classification criteria possible will be discussed, as well as the important steps that have been taken to develop a new semi-quantitative scoring system for the assessment of salivary gland involvement in patients with suspected or confirmed pSS.