TY - JOUR
T1 - Small bowel preservation for intestinal transplantation
T2 - a review
AU - Roskott, Anne Margot C.
AU - Nieuwenhuijs, Vincent B.
AU - Dijkstra, Gerard
AU - Koudstaal, Lyan G.
AU - Leuvenink, Henri G. D.
AU - Ploeg, Rutger J.
PY - 2011/2
Y1 - 2011/2
N2 - P>Intestinal transplantation has become the therapy of choice for patients with intestinal failure and life-threatening complications from total parenteral nutrition. Results, however, remain inferior as compared with other transplant types with the quality of the organ graft as the most important factor of outcome after transplantation. The intestine is extremely sensitive to ischemia. Unfortunately, a relatively long ischemic preservation period is inevitable. The current standard in organ preservation [cold storage (CS) with University of Wisconsin solution] was developed for kidney/liver preservation and is suboptimal for the intestinal graft despite good results for other organs. This review aimed at appraising the results from the use of previously applied and recently developed preservation solutions and techniques to identify key areas for improvement. As the studies available do not reveal the most effective method for intestinal preservation, an optimal strategy will result from a synergistic effect of different vital elements identified from a review of published material from the literature. A key factor is the composition of the solution using a low-viscosity solution to facilitate washout of blood, including amino acids to improve viability, impermeants and colloids to prevent edema, and buffer for pH-homeostasis. Optimizing conditions include a vascular flush before CS and luminal preservation. The most effective composition of the luminal solution and a practical, clinically applicable optimal technique are yet to reach finality. Short-duration oxygenated arterial and/or luminal perfusion have to be considered. Thus, a tailor-made approach to luminal preservation solution and technique need further investigation in transplant models and the human setting to develop the ultimate technique meeting the physiologic demands of the intestinal graft during preservation.
AB - P>Intestinal transplantation has become the therapy of choice for patients with intestinal failure and life-threatening complications from total parenteral nutrition. Results, however, remain inferior as compared with other transplant types with the quality of the organ graft as the most important factor of outcome after transplantation. The intestine is extremely sensitive to ischemia. Unfortunately, a relatively long ischemic preservation period is inevitable. The current standard in organ preservation [cold storage (CS) with University of Wisconsin solution] was developed for kidney/liver preservation and is suboptimal for the intestinal graft despite good results for other organs. This review aimed at appraising the results from the use of previously applied and recently developed preservation solutions and techniques to identify key areas for improvement. As the studies available do not reveal the most effective method for intestinal preservation, an optimal strategy will result from a synergistic effect of different vital elements identified from a review of published material from the literature. A key factor is the composition of the solution using a low-viscosity solution to facilitate washout of blood, including amino acids to improve viability, impermeants and colloids to prevent edema, and buffer for pH-homeostasis. Optimizing conditions include a vascular flush before CS and luminal preservation. The most effective composition of the luminal solution and a practical, clinically applicable optimal technique are yet to reach finality. Short-duration oxygenated arterial and/or luminal perfusion have to be considered. Thus, a tailor-made approach to luminal preservation solution and technique need further investigation in transplant models and the human setting to develop the ultimate technique meeting the physiologic demands of the intestinal graft during preservation.
KW - intestinal preservation
KW - intestinal transplantation
KW - luminal preservation
KW - organ viability
KW - preservation injury
KW - preservation solution and composition
KW - UNIVERSITY-OF-WISCONSIN
KW - SIMPLIFIED UW SOLUTION
KW - RAT SMALL-BOWEL
KW - POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL
KW - ORGAN-PRESERVATION
KW - TIGHT JUNCTION
KW - KETOGLUTARATE SOLUTION
KW - LUMINAL PRESERVATION
KW - CELSIOR-SOLUTION
KW - DONOR INTESTINE
U2 - 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2010.01187.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2010.01187.x
M3 - Review article
SN - 0934-0874
VL - 24
SP - 107
EP - 131
JO - Transplant International
JF - Transplant International
IS - 2
ER -