Towards artificial molecular factories from framework-embedded molecular machines

Controlling cooperativity, synchronization, amplification and translation of intermolecular and intramolecular dynamics over different length scales for applications in stimuli-responsive robust solids are considered key challenges in materials sciences. In this Perspective, we discuss the possibility of embedding artificial molecular machines into heterogeneous robust frameworks with the goal of creating cooperatively working molecular factories. We describe the current progress in the design, synthesis and functioning of artificial molecular machines and outline current efforts organizing them in ordered assemblies and frameworks. On the basis of this discussion, design principles are given towards collectively working systems in which both the machine and the framework are active components. We further explore potential functionalities and applications of these systems, and discuss challenges and prospects for the future. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]