Transformation or Taphonomy? A Review of Microstratigraphy and 14c Chronology at the Neolithic Settlement of N11 in the Lower Rhine Area

A re-analysis of soil micromorphology samples and radiocarbon dates was undertaken of the Middle to Late Neolithic settlement of N11, Hazerswoude-Rijndijk. The site was previously dated between 3200-2500 BC. Our re-analysis allows us to redate the occupation of the site to the 3 rd millennium BC, which holds implications for our understanding of a pivotal transformation process in Northwest European prehistory. At the same time, it presents us a very informative picture of domestic activities including both the remains of a combustion feature next to a dwelling structure, dating to the first phase of occupation, and the dumping of organic waste with varying degrees of intensity throughout the whole habitation period. Finally, we have shown that a combined approach of archaeological soil micromorphology and a critical analysis of radiocarbon dating, can strengthen interpretations of site chronology and characterising occupation.