Ultra-processed foods and risk of all-cause mortality in renal transplant recipients

Maryse Osté*, Ming-Jie Duan, António Gomes Neto, Petra Vinke, Juan-Jesus Carrero, Carla M. Avesani, Qingqing Cai, Louise Dekker, Gerjan Navis, Stephan Bakker, Eva Corpeleijn

*Bijbehorende auteur voor dit werk

OnderzoeksoutputAcademicpeer review

7 Citaten (Scopus)
53 Downloads (Pure)

Samenvatting

Background
Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) have a 6-fold higher risk of mortality than age- and sex-matched controls. Whether high consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with survival in RTRs is unknown.

Objectives
We aimed to study the association between high consumption of ultra-processed foods and all-cause mortality in stable RTRs.

Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study in adult RTRs with a stable graft. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 177-item FFQ. Food items were categorized according to the NOVA classification system and the proportion ultra-processed foods comprised of total food weight per day was calculated.

Results
We included 632 stable RTRs (mean ± SD age: 53.0 ± 12.7 y, 57% men). Mean ± SD consumption of ultra-processed foods was 721 ± 341 g/d (28% of total weight of food intake), whereas the intake of unprocessed and minimally processed foods, processed culinary ingredients, and processed foods accounted for 57%, 1%, and 14%, respectively. During median follow-up of 5.4 y [IQR: 4.9–6.0 y], 129 (20%) RTRs died. In Cox regression analyses, ultra-processed foods were associated with all-cause mortality (HR per doubling of percentage of total weight: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.46, 3.10; P < 0.001), independently of potential confounders. This association was independent from the quality of the overall dietary pattern, expressed by the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) or Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score. When analyzing ultra-processed foods by groups, only sugar-sweetened beverages (HR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.39; P = 0.007), desserts (HR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.49; P = 0.03), and processed meats (HR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.22, 2.86; P = 0.004) were associated with all-cause mortality.

Conclusions
Consumption of ultra-processed foods, in particular sugar-sweetened beverages, desserts, and processed meats, is associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality after renal transplantation, independently of low adherence to high-quality dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet and the DASH diet.

This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02811835.
Originele taal-2English
Pagina's (van-tot)1646–1657
Aantal pagina's12
TijdschriftAmerican Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Volume115
Nummer van het tijdschrift6
Vroegere onlinedatum26-apr.-2022
DOI's
StatusPublished - 1-jun.-2022

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