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Cracking Another Code of the Dead Sea Scrolls: Deciphering Cryptic B (4Q362 and 4Q363) through Analysis and Intuition

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Abstract

Among the Qumran manuscripts, several enigmatic scripts, including Cryptic A and Cryptic B, have been discovered. While Cryptic A was deciphered in 1955, Cryptic B has until now remained undeciphered. This study offers the first decipherment, transcription and translation of two Cryptic B manuscripts, 4Q362 and 4Q363. Their content appears to reflect familiar biblical idioms and eschatological themes, and the findings provide a foundation for future inquiry into the variation within Cryptic B letterforms, its relationship to Cryptic A, its role within Qumran scribal practices, and the development of cryptic scripts.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)159-185
Number of pages27
JournalDead Sea Discoveries
Volume33
Issue number2
Early online date1-Dec-2025
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Feb-2026

Keywords

  • : Dead Sea Scrolls; Cryptic B; Cryptic A; scribal practices; palaeography; enigmatic scripts

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